Question 1

Match the description with the type of receptor model.
-generally observe a latent period

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclear receptor model
B)  membrane-bound receptor modelC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 2

Members of which group of hormones are made from cholesterol?

Accepted Answer

A)   amino acid derivatives
B)   peptides
C)   proteins
D)   steroidsE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Match the description with the type of receptor model.
-cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP involved

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclear receptor model
B)  membrane-bound receptor modelC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 4

Which of the following is a regulatory protein associated with membrane-bound receptor molecules?

Accepted Answer

A)   ATP
B)   calcium
C)   M protein
D)   G protein
E)   DNAF) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 5

Match the description with the type of receptor model.
-receptor molecule interacts with DNA

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclear receptor model
B)  membrane-bound receptor modelC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Question 6

Match the chemical signal with the appropriate description.
-neurotransmitter

Accepted Answer

A)  chemicals produced by neurons that function as hormones
B)  chemicals that act locally on nearby cells
C)  chemical secreted by presynaptic terminal
D)  influences same cell type from which it is secreted
E)  chemical secreted into blood by specialized cells; travels some distance to target tissuesF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

Which chemical class of hormone is more likely to need a binding protein for transport in the blood?

Accepted Answer

A)   water-soluble
B)   amino acid derivative
C)   protein
D)   lipid-solubleE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Which pattern of hormone secretion, exemplified by thyroid hormones, remains relatively constant over long periods of time?

Accepted Answer

A)   acute hormone secretion
B)   episodic hormone secretion
C)   chronic hormone secretion
D)   long-term hormone secretionE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

-What is "B" on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)   pancreas
B)   adrenals
C)   pituitary
D)   thyroid
E)   thymusF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 10

What type of hormone-receptor action allows insulin to move glucose into cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   activation of cGMP
B)   activation of adenylate cyclase
C)   direct alteration of intracellular enzymes
D)   phosphorylation of intracellular proteinsE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

What do all hormones have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are made from amino acids.
B)   They are bound to transport molecules in the blood.
C)   They bind to and interact with a receptor on or in the target cell.
D)   They use the second messenger mechanism to control the target cell.
E)   They are all lipid-soluble.F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

What type of chemical messenger is released from neurons to activate an adjacent cell?

Accepted Answer

A)   paracrine
B)   neurotransmitter
C)   autocrine
D)   endocrineE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 13

When a hormone binds to a membrane-bound receptor,

Accepted Answer

A)   membrane channels are destroyed.
B)   cyclic GMP might be produced to act as an intracellular mediator.
C)   the nucleus is phosphorylated to prevent G-protein activation.
D)   messenger RNA is formed.
E)   cellular DNA is altered.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following occurs when a hormone binds to a nuclear receptor?

Accepted Answer

A)   activation of cyclic AMP
B)   activation of mRNA synthesis
C)   increased lipid synthesis by ribosomes
D)   opens membrane channels
E)   alters membrane permeabilityF) D) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

Match the chemical signal with the appropriate description.
-autocrine

Accepted Answer

A)  chemicals produced by neurons that function as hormones
B)  chemicals that act locally on nearby cells
C)  chemical secreted by presynaptic terminal
D)  influences same cell type from which it is secreted
E)  chemical secreted into blood by specialized cells; travels some distance to target tissuesF) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 16

Lipid-soluble hormones can be more easily excreted once they have water-soluble molecules added to their structure in a process called

Accepted Answer

A)   saponification.
B)   amplitude-modulation.
C)   conjugation.
D)   protein-binding.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

How do hormones and target cells recognize one another?

Accepted Answer

A)   by signs
B)   by the location of the target cells
C)   by the presence of specific receptor molecules on the target cells
D)   by the function of the target cells
E)   by the location of the hormonesF) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

-What is "E" on the diagram?

Accepted Answer

A)   pancreas
B)   adrenals
C)   pituitary
D)   thyroid
E)   thymusF) None of the above
G) D) and E)

Question 19

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)   The hypothalamus is important to both the nervous and endocrine systems.
B)   Both the nervous and endocrine systems may utilize the same chemical molecule.
C)   Some neurons secrete hormones.
D)   Both the nervous and endocrine systems respond quickly and are active for a long time.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

Parathyroid hormone is released when blood calcium levels decrease. This is an example of control by __________ stimuli.

Accepted Answer

A)   hormonal
B)   neural
C)   humoral
D)   visceralE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 17: Functional Organization of the Endocrine System

When a hormone binds to a membrane-bound receptor,

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-What is "E" on the diagram?

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Which pattern of hormone secretion, exemplified by thyroid hormones, remains relatively constant over long periods of time?

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Which of the following statements is NOT true?

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Members of which group of hormones are made from cholesterol?

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What type of hormone-receptor action allows insulin to move glucose into cells?

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Match the chemical signal with the appropriate description. -autocrine

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Lipid-soluble hormones can be more easily excreted once they have water-soluble molecules added to their structure in a process called

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What type of chemical messenger is released from neurons to activate an adjacent cell?

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-What is "B" on the diagram?

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What do all hormones have in common?

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Match the description with the type of receptor model. -cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP involved

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Which of the following is a regulatory protein associated with membrane-bound receptor molecules?

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Which chemical class of hormone is more likely to need a binding protein for transport in the blood?

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Match the description with the type of receptor model. -receptor molecule interacts with DNA

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How do hormones and target cells recognize one another?

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Which of the following occurs when a hormone binds to a nuclear receptor?

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Parathyroid hormone is released when blood calcium levels decrease. This is an example of control by __________ stimuli.

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Match the chemical signal with the appropriate description. -neurotransmitter

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Match the description with the type of receptor model. -generally observe a latent period

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