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Exposure to ultraviolet light causes the skin to darken by stimulating the


A) breakdown of carotene.
B) breakdown of melanin.
C) buildup of bilirubin.
D) activity of the enzyme tyrosinase.
E) activity of the keratinocytes.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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What type of cancer can actinic keratosis develop into?


A) basal cell carcinoma
B) squamous cell carcinoma
C) melanoma
D) Kaposi's sarcoma
E) psoriasis

F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

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Which type of skin cancer is the most deadly?


A) basal cell carcinoma
B) squamous cell carcinoma
C) melanoma
D) Kaposi's sarcoma
E) psoriasis

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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  -The diagram illustrates glands of the skin. What does  C  represent? A)  apocrine sweat gland B)  sebaceous gland C)  eccrine sweat gland D)  duct of apocrine sweat gland E)  sweat pore -The diagram illustrates glands of the skin. What does "C" represent?


A) apocrine sweat gland
B) sebaceous gland
C) eccrine sweat gland
D) duct of apocrine sweat gland
E) sweat pore

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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All of the following statements concerning hair are true except one. Identify the exception.


A) The growth rate of all types of hair is the same.
B) Hair growth occurs in cycles, with growth and resting stages.
C) In pattern baldness, those hair follicles present begin to produce vellus hair.
D) Some loss of hair is normal and indicates old hairs are being pushed out by new hairs.
E) Genetic factors and testosterone cause pattern baldness.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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The blue color of superficial blood vessels results from


A) a lack of melanin in the area.
B) the light-scattering properties of collagen.
C) the superficial location of skin pigments.
D) an increase in arterial blood circulating in the area.
E) a lack of oxygen in the blood.

F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

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Thin skin has only four epithelial strata. It lacks which of the following?


A) stratum spinosum
B) stratum granulosum
C) stratum lucidum
D) stratum corneum
E) stratum basale

F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

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Vitamin C is essential for normal collagen synthesis. If a child suffered from a vitamin C deficiency, which layer of the skin would be most affected?


A) reticular layer of dermis
B) stratum corneum
C) stratum granulosum
D) epidermis
E) stratum basale

F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Melanoma can be detected early and treated with the application of a special rule. Which of the following is NOT a test used to determine if a mole is cancerous?


A) color
B) border
C) asymmetry
D) freckles
E) diameter

F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

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A malfunction of the process of keratinization results in the condition known as


A) psoriasis.
B) cyanosis.
C) jaundice.
D) impetigo.
E) acne.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

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This stratum contains many layers of dead squamous cells.


A) stratum basale
B) stratum spinosum
C) stratum granulosum
D) stratum lucidum
E) stratum corneum

F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

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The layer of epithelium that covers the skin is called the


A) dermis.
B) epidermis.
C) hypodermis.
D) mesodermis.
E) papillary layer.

F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

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  -What does structure  A  represent on the diagram? A)  hair follicle B)  arrector pili C)  dermis D)  hypodermis E)  sebaceous gland -What does structure "A" represent on the diagram?


A) hair follicle
B) arrector pili
C) dermis
D) hypodermis
E) sebaceous gland

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Bob was completely bald on the top of his head by the time he was 35 years of age. Bob noticed he produced abundant sweat on his head when he exercised. He also noticed that his scalp was no longer oily. Which of the following changes account for the observations? (1) He has fewer functional hair follicles now. (2) He has fewer functional sebaceous glands now. (3) He has fewer merocrine sweat glands now. (4) He has fewer apocrine sweat glands now.


A) 1, 2, 3, 4
B) 1, 2, 3
C) 1, 2, 4
D) 1, 3, 4
E) 1, 2

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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In which of the following does desquamation of the stratum corneum occur?


A) biting fingernails
B) losing hair from your scalp
C) a 5-minute surgical scrub
D) scar formation
E) hair growth

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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What is synonymous with the cuticle?


A) nail root
B) nail body
C) nail fold
D) eponychium
E) hyponychium

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Which cells of the epidermis are part of the immune system?


A) keratinocytes
B) melanocytes
C) Langerhans cells
D) Merkel cells
E) fibroblasts

F) All of the above
G) C) and E)

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Which of the following statements concerning the epidermis is true?


A) The dermis is superficial to the epidermis.
B) The epidermis contains numerous blood vessels.
C) The most numerous cells in the epidermis are the melanocytes.
D) The epidermis is nourished by blood vessels located in the dermis.
E) The epidermis is very permeable to water-soluble molecules.

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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In which layer of the epidermis are lamellar bodies formed inside keratinocytes?


A) stratum basale
B) stratum spinosum
C) stratum granulosum
D) stratum lucidum
E) stratum corneum

F) A) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Barney sat on a hot camp stove while on a camping trip. The burn was painful and blistered. His was what type of burn?


A) first degree
B) second degree
C) third degree
D) fourth degree
E) fifth degree

F) A) and E)
G) C) and E)

Correct Answer

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