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An application of too much fertilizer will negatively affect the movement of materials in the phloem.

A) True
B) False

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Water may be lost in the form of liquid from the surface of leaves through a process known as


A) guttation.
B) cohesion.
C) phloem loading.
D) mesophyll adhesion.
E) aeration.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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Some plants are able to endure frequent flooding events because they contain a tissue with loose parenchyma cells and large air spaces called


A) xylem.
B) spongy mesophyll.
C) pneumatophores.
D) aerenchyma.
E) epidermal tissue.

F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

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Some plants can tolerate flooding conditions by


A) formation of aerenchyma.
B) opening their lenticels.
C) forming additional adventitious roots.
D) shedding their bark.
E) pumping water out of their roots.

F) A) and D)
G) C) and E)

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Which of the following must occur in order to maintain a high pressure potential within guard cells?


A) Potassium ions must be actively transported out.
B) Energy must be constantly expended.
C) Water must exit guard cells by osmosis.
D) Stomata must take up more oxygen and less carbon dioxide.
E) The rate of transpiration must increase.

F) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

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The uneven distribution of an impermeable solute on either side of a membrane will result in


A) an increase in oxygen deprivation.
B) proton pumping.
C) root pressure.
D) osmosis.
E) stomatal closing.

F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

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A decrease in the availability of ATP in a root cell could decrease the water potential of the cell.

A) True
B) False

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A plant will usually wilt when which component of water potential reaches 0 MPa?


A) solute potential
B) turgor pressure
C) total water potential
D) gravity potential

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Water moves through a plant by each of the following methods except


A) from cell to cell through plasmodesmata.
B) through the Casparian strip.
C) through the spaces between cells.
D) through vessel members.
E) from cell to cell across plasma membranes.

F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

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Most of the water absorbed by the plant enters through the


A) root apical meristem.
B) root cap.
C) root hairs.
D) stomata.
E) lenticels.

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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The process of moving water through a plant by transpiration works because water molecules stick to each other with


A) turgor pressure.
B) osmosis.
C) ionic bonds.
D) adhesion.
E) hydrogen bonds.

F) A) and D)
G) None of the above

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