Question 1

While playing with his toy truck on the couch, Nezzy points to the toy truck and says, "Truck go." His father responds to this by saying, "Oh! Did you see the truck going?" In the context of caregiver strategies, this scenario illustrates the strategy of

Accepted Answer

A)   labeling.
B)   recasting.
C)   overextending.
D)   underextending.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 2

In the brain, the ________ lobes have an active role in hearing, language processing, and memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   frontal
B)   parietal
C)   occipital
D)   temporalE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

The recovery of a habituated response after a change in stimulation is referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The recovery of a habituated response after...

Question 4

Which of the following statements is true of how neurons change in the first years of life?

Accepted Answer

A)   Synaptic connections begin to develop only after birth.
B)   Myelination begins prenatally and stops at birth.
C)   The synaptic connections that are used become strengthened and survive, while the unused ones are replaced by other pathways or disappear.
D)   The human brain actually needs more than twice the neural connections made in the first years of life.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of the forebrain?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is the portion of the brain that is farthest from the spinal cord.
B)   It includes the tectum, the tegmentum, and the cerebral peduncles.
C)   It consists of the medulla, cerebellum, and pons.
D)   It insulates axons and helps electrical signals travel faster down the axon.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 6

Baby Elise has developed a sucking scheme. She knows that to get food, she must suck on her mother's breast. Now, her mother has begun to introduce solid foods with a spoon. Elise immediately sucks on the spoon. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   accommodation.
B)   assimilation.
C)   amalgamation.
D)   application.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 7

Research by Renée Baillargeon and her colleagues documents that infants as young as 3 to 4 months expect objects to be ________, in the sense that other objects cannot move through them, and ________, in the sense that objects continue to exist when they are hidden.

Accepted Answer

A)   subject to gravity; transient
B)   consistent; existential
C)   substantial; permanent
D)   opaque; substantialE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Whenever baby Beth hears a loud noise, she responds with the ________ reflex, where she arches her back, throws back her head, flings out her arms and legs, and then rapidly closes her arms and legs.

Accepted Answer

A)   Moro
B)   rooting
C)   grasping
D)   fencingE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Which of the following statements is true of an infant's color vision?

Accepted Answer

A)   It usually mirrors that of an adult at birth.
B)   Its development is independent of the experience of the infant.
C)   Its development, in part, reflects maturation.
D)   It usually approximates that of an adult by four months of age.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

Which of the following is true of synaptic overproduction with respect to synaptic connections between neurons?

Accepted Answer

A)   Both heredity and environment are thought to influence the timing and course of synaptic overproduction.
B)   The peak of synaptic overproduction in the visual cortex occurs at about 1 year of age.
C)   The peak of synaptic overproduction in the prefrontal cortex takes place at about the fourth postnatal month.
D)   Synaptic overproduction does not occur in areas of the brain involved in hearing and language.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following technologies measures infants' brains as they are exploring the world around them?

Accepted Answer

A)   positron-emission tomography (PET)  scans
B)   functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) 
C)   brain electron sampling (BES) 
D)   electroencephalogram (EEG) E) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 12

In the context of the fibers that extend from a neuron's cell body, the fiber that carries signals away from the neuron's cell body is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   axon.
B)   dendrite.
C)   neurotransmitter.
D)   synapse.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Juno is riding a bike. Riding a bike requires Juno to use her memories of skills and routine procedures that are performed automatically; this type of memory is referred to as ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

A)   explicit
B)   implicit
C)   semantic
D)   episodicE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 14

While scooting on the floor, baby Giovanni fell down the stairs. If he can no longer see, it is likely that the ________ lobe of his brain was damaged.

Accepted Answer

A)   frontal
B)   parietal
C)   occipital
D)   temporalE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Mariah has suffered damage to the left frontal lobe of her brain. When she tries to speak, she struggles to produce words and is unable to say them correctly. Mariah has sustained injury to the

Accepted Answer

A)   Broca's area.
B)   Wernicke's area.
C)   SMA area.
D)   Morton's area.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 16

________ is a dynamic process that is linked with sensory information in the skin, joints, and muscles, which tell us where we are in space; in vestibular organs in the inner ear that regulate balance and equilibrium; and in vision and hearing.

Accepted Answer

A)   Posture
B)   Cognitive development
C)   Alignment
D)   Reflexive behaviorE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Infants control the muscles of their trunk and arms before they control their hands and fingers, and they use their whole hands before they can control several fingers. This indicates a ________ pattern of growth.

Accepted Answer

A)   proximodistal
B)   cephalocaudal
C)   proximocaudal
D)   cephalodistalE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Which of the following is true of intermodal perception?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is the recognition that an object remains the same even though the retinal image of the object changes.
B)   People's experience of the world as a smooth, unitary episode is made possible by intermodal perception.
C)   It is the recognition that an object remains the same shape even though its orientation to people changes.
D)   Early forms of intermodal perception become weaker with experience.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Similar to the epigenetic view, the ________ view emphasizes the importance of interactions between experience and gene expression in the brain's development.

Accepted Answer

A)   neuroconstructivist
B)   dynamic systems
C)   genetic
D)   ecologicalE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

In the field of perceptual development, those who emphasize learning and experience are called ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of In the field of perceptual development, those...

Exam 3: Physical and Cognitive Dvelopment in Infancy

________ is a dynamic process that is linked with sensory information in the skin, joints, and muscles, which tell us where we are in space; in vestibular organs in the inner ear that regulate balance and equilibrium; and in vision and hearing.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of an infant's color vision?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of how neurons change in the first years of life?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of the fibers that extend from a neuron's cell body, the fiber that carries signals away from the neuron's cell body is called a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mariah has suffered damage to the left frontal lobe of her brain. When she tries to speak, she struggles to produce words and is unable to say them correctly. Mariah has sustained injury to the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of synaptic overproduction with respect to synaptic connections between neurons?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Baby Elise has developed a sucking scheme. She knows that to get food, she must suck on her mother's breast. Now, her mother has begun to introduce solid foods with a spoon. Elise immediately sucks on the spoon. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Juno is riding a bike. Riding a bike requires Juno to use her memories of skills and routine procedures that are performed automatically; this type of memory is referred to as ________ memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The recovery of a habituated response after a change in stimulation is referred to as ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of the forebrain?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Whenever baby Beth hears a loud noise, she responds with the ________ reflex, where she arches her back, throws back her head, flings out her arms and legs, and then rapidly closes her arms and legs.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While scooting on the floor, baby Giovanni fell down the stairs. If he can no longer see, it is likely that the ________ lobe of his brain was damaged.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is true of intermodal perception?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following technologies measures infants' brains as they are exploring the world around them?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the field of perceptual development, those who emphasize learning and experience are called ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Infants control the muscles of their trunk and arms before they control their hands and fingers, and they use their whole hands before they can control several fingers. This indicates a ________ pattern of growth.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the brain, the ________ lobes have an active role in hearing, language processing, and memory.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While playing with his toy truck on the couch, Nezzy points to the toy truck and says, "Truck go." His father responds to this by saying, "Oh! Did you see the truck going?" In the context of caregiver strategies, this scenario illustrates the strategy of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Similar to the epigenetic view, the ________ view emphasizes the importance of interactions between experience and gene expression in the brain's development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research by Renée Baillargeon and her colleagues documents that infants as young as 3 to 4 months expect objects to be ________, in the sense that other objects cannot move through them, and ________, in the sense that objects continue to exist when they are hidden.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Research by Renée Baillargeon and her colleagues documents that infants as young as 3 to 4 months expect objects to be , in the sense that other objects cannot move through them, and , in the sense that objects continue to exist when they are hidden.

Correct Answer
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