Question 1

The alkali metals are isolated from non-aqueous systems. Why is this necessary?

Accepted Answer

A)   The electrolysis of aqueous solutions of the alkali metals requires more energy than electrolysis of the molten salts.
B)   The dissolved alkali earth halides are too reactive to be electrolyzed.
C)   The aqueous metal ions are more difficult to reduce than water.
D)   The reduction potentials of the alkali metals are more positive than the reduction potential of water.
E)   The aqueous metal ions react violently with water.F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 2

When nitrogen undergoes atmospheric fixation, it enters the sea and land in the form of

Accepted Answer

A)   NO.
B)   NO2.
C)   NH3.
D)   NO3-.
E)   NH4+.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 3

The process of converting metal sulfides to metal oxides is called

Accepted Answer

A)   roasting.
B)   smelting.
C)   reduction.
D)   leaching.
E)   oxidation.F) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 4

Pyrometallurgy uses __________________ to separate a metal from its ore.

Accepted Answer

A)   solid phase chemical properties
B)   electrical processes
C)   thermal processes
D)   aqueous chemical processes
E)   explosivesF) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

The chlor-alkali process produces chlorine, Cl2(g) , in large quantities. What other industrially important substances are produced in this process?

Accepted Answer

A)   Na(s) , H2(g) 
B)   H2(g) , O2(g) 
C)   Hg(l) , NaCl(s) 
D)   Na(s) , O2(g) 
E)   NaOH(aq) , H2(g) F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 6

The kinetic isotope effect is the basis for

Accepted Answer

A)   the radioactivity of tritium.
B)   isolation of pure D2O.
C)   tritium's high reactivity.
D)   the increase in boiling point when comparing hydrogen, deuterium, and tritium.
E)   nuclear power generation.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 7

Electrolysis is used as the last step in isolating pure

Accepted Answer

A)   iron.
B)   boron.
C)   aluminum.
D)   selenium.
E)   carbon.F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Question 8

Transition elements from the left side of the periodic table are generally found as

Accepted Answer

A)   sulfides because they tend to give up bonding electrons and form crystals with high lattice energies with sulfur.
B)   sulfides because their electronegativities favor formation of covalent bonds with the polarizable sulfide anion.
C)   oxides because they tend to give up bonding electrons and form crystals with high lattice energies with oxygen.
D)   oxides because oxygen, with its high electronegativity, forms strong covalent bonds with them.
E)   the uncombined elements, because they are noble metals.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

The main effect of the biosphere on the chemistry of the Earth's crust has been to

Accepted Answer

A)   create a reducing atmosphere.
B)   create an oxidizing atmosphere.
C)   increase the relative humidity.
D)   decrease the relative humidity.
E)   increase the level of atmospheric carbon dioxide.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 10

In the industrial electrolysis of aqueous NaCl (the chlor-alkali process), the modern trend is toward the use of cells incorporating polymer membranes to separate the anode and cathode solutions.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

The atmosphere contains about 700. billion metric tons of carbon in the form of carbon dioxide. In the carbon cycle, about 200. billion metric tons of carbon (as carbon dioxide)  enters the atmosphere each year. Assuming that 200. billion metric tons of carbon also leaves the atmosphere annually, how many years does the average carbon atom spend in the atmosphere in each cycle?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.29 years
B)   3.5 years
C)   500. years
D)   140,000 years
E)   More information is needed in order to calculate the answer.F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

The most abundant element in the Earth's crust is

Accepted Answer

A)   H
B)   Fe
C)   Al
D)   Si
E)   OF) All of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 13

What gas is produced during the Hall-Héroult process for production of aluminum?

Accepted Answer

A)   chlorine, Cl2
B)   oxygen, O2
C)   hydrogen, H2
D)   ammonia, NH3
E)   carbon dioxide, CO2F) C) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Transition elements from the right side of the periodic table are generally found as

Accepted Answer

A)   sulfides because they tend to give up bonding electrons and form crystals with high lattice energies with sulfur.
B)   sulfides because their electronegativities favor formation of covalent bonds with the polarizable sulfide anion.
C)   oxides because they tend to give up bonding electrons and form crystals with high lattice energies with oxygen.
D)   oxides because oxygen, with its high electronegativity, forms strong covalent bonds with them.
E)   None of these choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 15

The purpose of anodizing aluminum is to remove the oxide layer from the metal's surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Hydrometallurgy uses __________________ to separate a metal from its ore.

Accepted Answer

A)   solid phase chemical properties
B)   electrical processes
C)   thermal processes
D)   aqueous chemical processes
E)   molten salt processesF) D) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 17

The debris accompanying a mineral is called

Accepted Answer

A)   slag.
B)   gangue.
C)   ore.
D)   halite.
E)   ash.F) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 18

The Frasch process is used to

Accepted Answer

A)   convert aluminum oxide to metallic aluminum.
B)   convert copper ore to copper sulfide.
C)   mine magnesium.
D)   mine elemental sulfur.
E)   produce sodium metal.F) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 19

The industrial production of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen accounts for a greater amount of nitrogen fixation than either the atmospheric or the biological pathways.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

The Earth's core consists mainly of

Accepted Answer

A)   Ni
B)   O
C)   Al
D)   Si
E)   FeF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Exam 22: The Elements in Nature and Industry

Pyrometallurgy uses __________________ to separate a metal from its ore.

Correct Answer
verified

The chlor-alkali process produces chlorine, Cl₂(g) , in large quantities. What other industrially important substances are produced in this process?

Correct Answer
verified

The alkali metals are isolated from non-aqueous systems. Why is this necessary?

Correct Answer
verified

Electrolysis is used as the last step in isolating pure

Correct Answer
verified

The Frasch process is used to

Correct Answer
verified

In the industrial electrolysis of aqueous NaCl (the chlor-alkali process), the modern trend is toward the use of cells incorporating polymer membranes to separate the anode and cathode solutions.

Correct Answer
verified

The Earth's core consists mainly of

Correct Answer
verified

The process of converting metal sulfides to metal oxides is called

Correct Answer
verified

What gas is produced during the Hall-Héroult process for production of aluminum?

Correct Answer
verified

Transition elements from the left side of the periodic table are generally found as

Correct Answer
verified

The main effect of the biosphere on the chemistry of the Earth's crust has been to

Correct Answer
verified

Transition elements from the right side of the periodic table are generally found as

Correct Answer
verified

When nitrogen undergoes atmospheric fixation, it enters the sea and land in the form of

Correct Answer
verified

The purpose of anodizing aluminum is to remove the oxide layer from the metal's surface.

Correct Answer
verified

The debris accompanying a mineral is called

Correct Answer
verified

The kinetic isotope effect is the basis for

Correct Answer
verified

Hydrometallurgy uses __________________ to separate a metal from its ore.

Correct Answer
verified

The most abundant element in the Earth's crust is

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The industrial production of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen accounts for a greater amount of nitrogen fixation than either the atmospheric or the biological pathways.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 22: The Elements in Nature and Industry

Pyrometallurgy uses __________________ to separate a metal from its ore.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chlor-alkali process produces chlorine, Cl2(g) , in large quantities. What other industrially important substances are produced in this process?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The alkali metals are isolated from non-aqueous systems. Why is this necessary?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Electrolysis is used as the last step in isolating pure

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Frasch process is used to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the industrial electrolysis of aqueous NaCl (the chlor-alkali process), the modern trend is toward the use of cells incorporating polymer membranes to separate the anode and cathode solutions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Earth's core consists mainly of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The process of converting metal sulfides to metal oxides is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What gas is produced during the Hall-Héroult process for production of aluminum?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transition elements from the left side of the periodic table are generally found as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The main effect of the biosphere on the chemistry of the Earth's crust has been to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transition elements from the right side of the periodic table are generally found as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When nitrogen undergoes atmospheric fixation, it enters the sea and land in the form of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The purpose of anodizing aluminum is to remove the oxide layer from the metal's surface.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The debris accompanying a mineral is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The kinetic isotope effect is the basis for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hydrometallurgy uses __________________ to separate a metal from its ore.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most abundant element in the Earth's crust is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The industrial production of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen accounts for a greater amount of nitrogen fixation than either the atmospheric or the biological pathways.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

The chlor-alkali process produces chlorine, Cl₂(g) , in large quantities. What other industrially important substances are produced in this process?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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