Question 1

Which hormone from the adrenal cortex of the kidneys will cause the distal convoluted tubules to reabsorb more sodium ions?

Accepted Answer

A)  renin
B)  angiotensinogen
C)  angiotensin II
D)  ADH
E)  aldosteroneF) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

Selective reabsorption of glucose and amino acids occur in the ________ of the nephron.

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerulus
B)  distal convoluted tubule
C)  proximal convoluted tubule
D)  collecting duct
E)  loop of the nephron (loop of Henle) F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

When people have health issues associated with their kidneys doctors may prescribe diuretic drugs.Why would someone with high blood pressure be prescribed these drugs?

Accepted Answer

A)  Diuretic drugs decrease urine flow and the more fluid and watery blood is easier to pump.
B)  Diuretic drugs increase urine flow and decrease the blood volume that must be pumped.
C)  Diuretic drugs decrease urine flow and the kidney does not have to work as hard.
D)  Diuretic drugs increase urine flow and the loss of nitrogenous wastes helps the heart.
E)  Diuretic drugs increase urine flow and salt loss and salt was bad for the heart.F) C) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 4

Beyond maintaining water balance in the blood,the kidneys

Accepted Answer

A)  maintain blood volume.
B)  aid in regulation of blood pressure.
C)  help to maintain the blood pH.
D)  All of the choices are kidney functions.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 5

What are the potential consequences if a person's kidney suddenly stopped secreting the normal hormones?

Accepted Answer

A)  The person would have trouble regulating their blood volume and pressure due to the imbalance of salt in the bloodstream.
B)  There would be an increase in the amount of water retained in the body,leading to edema.
C)  There would be a significant increase in the amount of potassium that is excreted by the kidneys.
D)  All of the choices are potential consequences.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Explain the four major functions of the kidneys and how they relate to homeostasis.

Accepted Answer

1.The kidneys excrete metabolic wastes. ...

Question 7

Over 1 million of these microscopic units produce urine in the kidneys.

Accepted Answer

A)  nephron
B)  glomerular (Bowman's) capsule
C)  glomerulus
D)  alveoli
E)  microvilliF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

A very highly soluble nitrogenous waste,excreted into water by bony fishes,aquatic invertebrates,and aquatic amphibians is

Accepted Answer

A)  urea.
B)  uric acid.
C)  amino acid.
D)  ammonia.
E)  uracil.F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 9

Nitrogenous wastes are primarily produced by

Accepted Answer

A)  production of nucleic acids.
B)  breakdown of amino acids.
C)  breakdown of fats.
D)  breakdown of carbohydrates.
E)  production of proteins.F) C) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT one of the three steps (processes) involved in urine formation?

Accepted Answer

A)  countercurrent mechanism
B)  tubular reabsorption
C)  glomerular filtration
D)  tubular secretionE) None of the above
F) B) and C) A

Question 11

What is the path of an excreted water molecule as it moves from the glomerulus to collecting duct?

Accepted Answer

A)  loop of nephron-glomerular capsule-proximal convoluted tubule-distal convoluted tubule-collecting duct
B)  glomerular capsule-proximal convoluted tubule-loop of nephron-distal convoluted tubule-collecting duct
C)  distal convoluted tubule-glomerular capsule-proximal convoluted tubule-loop of nephron--collecting duct
D)  proximal convoluted tubule-glomerular capsule-loop of nephron-distal convoluted tubule-collecting duct
E)  glomerular capsule-proximal convoluted tubule-distal convoluted tubule-loop of nephron-collecting ductF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

The urinary bladder is useful because it

Accepted Answer

A)  helps with defecation.
B)  is a place where white cells attack bacteria.
C)  stores urine to prevent constant urination.
D)  transports urine to the outside of the body.
E)  filters wastes and recycles nutrients back into the bloodstream.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

If the ureter was blocked due to the development of a tumor preventing the normal flow of urine,which region of the kidney would be impacted first?

Accepted Answer

A)  collecting duct
B)  renal cortex
C)  distal convoluted tubule
D)  proximal convoluted tubule
E)  glomerular capsuleF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 14

Which of the following excretory structures is used by birds?

Accepted Answer

A)  urethra
B)  cloaca
C)  nephridia
D)  flame cellsE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 15

Water follows sodium ions out of the renal filtrate in the tubules and into blood by means of

Accepted Answer

A)  tubular reabsorption.
B)  tubular secretion.
C)  osmosis.
D)  glomerular filtration.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Identify these nitrogenous wastes.  A: ________
B: ________
C: ________

Accepted Answer

A: ammonia...

Question 17

Identify the labeled structures of the urinary system and its associated blood supply in the diagram.Briefly describe the function of each structure.  A: ________ E: ________
B: ________ F: ________
C: ________ G: ________
D ________ H: ________

Accepted Answer

A: renal artery: takes blood from the aorta to the kidneys B: renal vein; takes blood from the kidneys to the vena cava C: aorta: major systemic artery that takes blood from heart to tissues D: inferior vena cava: large systemic vein that returns blood to the heart E: kidney: produces urine F: ureter: transports urine to the bladder G: bladder: stores urine H: urethra: passes urine to the outside of the body

Question 18

Patients with diabetes mellitus have frequent urination and increased thirst because

Accepted Answer

A)  less water passes from the glomerulus to the glomerular capsule.
B)  more water is driven from the glomerulus to the glomerular capsule than normal.
C)  more salt is reabsorbed at the proximal convoluted tubule.
D)  an increase in sodium ions causes more nerve stimulation and triggers urination.
E)  increased glucose in the urine increases its osmolarity and less water is reabsorbed by blood.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 19

Deamination of amino acids,in the excretory system,will initially result in the formation of

Accepted Answer

A)  ammonia.
B)  urea.
C)  glucose.
D)  creatinine.
E)  uric acid.F) C) and D)
G) A) and C) A

Question 20

Which group has the highest concentration of urea in their body fluids?

Accepted Answer

A)  marine bony fishes
B)  freshwater bony fishes
C)  cartilaginous fishes
D)  reptiles
E)  birdsF) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Exam 36: Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Which hormone from the adrenal cortex of the kidneys will cause the distal convoluted tubules to reabsorb more sodium ions?

Correct Answer
verified

Selective reabsorption of glucose and amino acids occur in the ________ of the nephron.

Correct Answer
verified

When people have health issues associated with their kidneys doctors may prescribe diuretic drugs.Why would someone with high blood pressure be prescribed these drugs?

Correct Answer
verified

Beyond maintaining water balance in the blood,the kidneys

Correct Answer
verified

What are the potential consequences if a person's kidney suddenly stopped secreting the normal hormones?

Correct Answer
verified

Explain the four major functions of the kidneys and how they relate to homeostasis.

Correct Answer
verified
1.The kidneys excrete metabolic wastes. ...
View Answer

Over 1 million of these microscopic units produce urine in the kidneys.

Correct Answer
verified

A very highly soluble nitrogenous waste,excreted into water by bony fishes,aquatic invertebrates,and aquatic amphibians is

Correct Answer
verified

Nitrogenous wastes are primarily produced by

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT one of the three steps (processes) involved in urine formation?

Correct Answer
verified
A

What is the path of an excreted water molecule as it moves from the glomerulus to collecting duct?

Correct Answer
verified

The urinary bladder is useful because it

Correct Answer
verified

If the ureter was blocked due to the development of a tumor preventing the normal flow of urine,which region of the kidney would be impacted first?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following excretory structures is used by birds?

Correct Answer
verified

Water follows sodium ions out of the renal filtrate in the tubules and into blood by means of

Correct Answer
verified

Identify these nitrogenous wastes. A: B: C:

Correct Answer
verified
A: ammonia...
View Answer

Identify the labeled structures of the urinary system and its associated blood supply in the diagram.Briefly describe the function of each structure. A: E: B: F: C: G: D H:

Patients with diabetes mellitus have frequent urination and increased thirst because

Correct Answer
verified

Deamination of amino acids,in the excretory system,will initially result in the formation of

Correct Answer
verified
A

Which group has the highest concentration of urea in their body fluids?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 36: Body Fluid Regulation and Excretory Systems

Which hormone from the adrenal cortex of the kidneys will cause the distal convoluted tubules to reabsorb more sodium ions?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Selective reabsorption of glucose and amino acids occur in the ________ of the nephron.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When people have health issues associated with their kidneys doctors may prescribe diuretic drugs.Why would someone with high blood pressure be prescribed these drugs?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Beyond maintaining water balance in the blood,the kidneys

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the potential consequences if a person's kidney suddenly stopped secreting the normal hormones?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain the four major functions of the kidneys and how they relate to homeostasis.

Correct Answerverified1.The kidneys excrete metabolic wastes. ...View AnswerShow Answer

Over 1 million of these microscopic units produce urine in the kidneys.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A very highly soluble nitrogenous waste,excreted into water by bony fishes,aquatic invertebrates,and aquatic amphibians is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nitrogenous wastes are primarily produced by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT one of the three steps (processes) involved in urine formation?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

What is the path of an excreted water molecule as it moves from the glomerulus to collecting duct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The urinary bladder is useful because it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the ureter was blocked due to the development of a tumor preventing the normal flow of urine,which region of the kidney would be impacted first?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following excretory structures is used by birds?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water follows sodium ions out of the renal filtrate in the tubules and into blood by means of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify these nitrogenous wastes. A: ________ B: ________ C: ________

Correct AnswerverifiedA: ammonia...View AnswerShow Answer

Identify the labeled structures of the urinary system and its associated blood supply in the diagram.Briefly describe the function of each structure. A: ________ E: ________ B: ________ F: ________ C: ________ G: ________ D ________ H: ________

Patients with diabetes mellitus have frequent urination and increased thirst because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deamination of amino acids,in the excretory system,will initially result in the formation of

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which group has the highest concentration of urea in their body fluids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
1.The kidneys excrete metabolic wastes. ...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Identify these nitrogenous wastes. A: B: C:

Correct Answer
verified
A: ammonia...
View Answer

Identify the labeled structures of the urinary system and its associated blood supply in the diagram.Briefly describe the function of each structure. A: E: B: F: C: G: D H:

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
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