Question 1

Which of the following is NOT one of the recent findings in the study of life satisfaction?

Accepted Answer

A)   Young adults show the highest levels of life satisfaction.
B)   Some studies show low life satisfaction in middle age.
C)   Studies have found differences in life satisfaction across different countries.
D)   Physical health has an affect on life satisfaction.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 2

Cynthia is conducting a survey on the prevalence and patterns of substance abuse in her city. What could be a problem that Cynthia could encounter while using this method of data collection?

Accepted Answer

A)   The assumption that a person's behavior is consistent and stable
B)   The inability to sample a large number of people
C)   That surveys have to be conducted only in person
D)   That some participants may not tell the truth and instead give socially acceptable answersE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 3

The _____ approach to the study of development emphasizes extensive change from birth to adolescence, especially during infancy, little or no change in adulthood, and decline in old age.

Accepted Answer

A)   prescriptive
B)   constructivist
C)   traditional
D)   evolutionaryE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 4

A child who has just begun to represent the world with words, images, and drawings is in the _____ stage of cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

A)   preoperational
B)   sensorimotor
C)   formal operational
D)   concrete operationalE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Dr. Wong is a cognitive developmental theorist, so we know that he will stress the importance of _____ in understanding development.

Accepted Answer

A)   conscious thoughts
B)   repressed memories
C)   biological processes
D)   emotional processesE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Development can be defined as the pattern of movement or change that:

Accepted Answer

A)   begins at childhood and continues until adulthood.
B)   begins at conception and continues until adulthood.
C)   begins at birth and continues through the human life span.
D)   begins at conception and continues through the human life span.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Amir is 18 months old, exploring the world through seeing, hearing, and moving around. According to Piaget, he is in which of the following stages of cognitive development?

Accepted Answer

A)   Preoperational
B)   Sensorimotor
C)   Formal operational
D)   Concrete operationalE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 8

Influences that generally affect a generation-for example, the effect of the Vietnam war on the baby boomers-are considered _____ influences.

Accepted Answer

A)   nonnormative multidirectional
B)   normative age-graded
C)   nonnormative age-graded
D)   normative history-gradedE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 9

The theory that was created by Erik Erikson is known as a _____ theory of development.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychobiological
B)   psychogenic
C)   psychosocial
D)   psychoanatomicalE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

This is a method of gathering data by means of observing behaviors in real-world settings, making no effort to manipulate or control the situation.

Accepted Answer

Naturalist...

Question 11

Which theory stresses the importance of the environment in all facets of development?

Accepted Answer

A)   Psychoanalytic
B)   Cognitive
C)   Behavioral
D)   EthologicalE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 12

"You can't teach an old dog new tricks." This old saying refutes Paul Baltes's life-span perspective that views development as being:

Accepted Answer

A)   plastic.
B)   multidisciplinary.
C)   lifelong.
D)   contextual.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 13

Based on his belief that patients who talked about their problems could be restored to psychological health, Freud developed a technique called:

Accepted Answer

A)   psychogenesis.
B)   psychoanalysis.
C)   psychopathology.
D)   psychodevelopmentalism.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Professor Castillo is studying the aggression of preschool children during recess. He has several observers recording the children's behavior, but none of them are allowed to interfere with the children at play; they simply record what they see. Professor Castillo is using:

Accepted Answer

A)   naturalistic observation.
B)   laboratory research.
C)   interviews.
D)   surveys.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Johnny is attempting to resolve the crisis of initiative versus guilt. According to Erik Erikson, he is most likely in:

Accepted Answer

A)   preschool.
B)   elementary school.
C)   junior high school.
D)   high school.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

While ethological theory stresses _____ factors, ecological theory emphasizes _____ factors.

Accepted Answer

A)   biological; environmental
B)   environmental; biological
C)   social; sexual
D)   sexual; socialE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 17

Explain why Vygotsky would encourage small classes and group work to better facilitate learning in school.

Accepted Answer

Vygotsky's sociocultural cognitive theor...

Question 18

Tzu-Chiang is 55 years old and is currently enrolled in a college algebra course. He is pleasantly surprised that he is performing well in the course despite not taking a formal math class for over 30 years. Researchers would consider this an instance that illustrates how development is:

Accepted Answer

A)   plastic.
B)   multidisciplinary.
C)   lifelong.
D)   contextual.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 19

Dr. Casey wants to study the ways that levels of happiness change for college students throughout the day. Dr. Casey should avoid using:

Accepted Answer

A)   naturalistic observation.
B)   standardized tests.
C)   surveys.
D)   interviews.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 20

The _____ issue involves the degree to which early traits and characteristics persist through life or alter life.

Accepted Answer

A)   growth-decline
B)   stability-change
C)   traits-characteristics
D)   permanence-evanescenceE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 1: Introduction

"You can't teach an old dog new tricks." This old saying refutes Paul Baltes's life-span perspective that views development as being:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Wong is a cognitive developmental theorist, so we know that he will stress the importance of _____ in understanding development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ approach to the study of development emphasizes extensive change from birth to adolescence, especially during infancy, little or no change in adulthood, and decline in old age.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Johnny is attempting to resolve the crisis of initiative versus guilt. According to Erik Erikson, he is most likely in:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A child who has just begun to represent the world with words, images, and drawings is in the _____ stage of cognitive development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professor Castillo is studying the aggression of preschool children during recess. He has several observers recording the children's behavior, but none of them are allowed to interfere with the children at play; they simply record what they see. Professor Castillo is using:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The theory that was created by Erik Erikson is known as a _____ theory of development.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Casey wants to study the ways that levels of happiness change for college students throughout the day. Dr. Casey should avoid using:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amir is 18 months old, exploring the world through seeing, hearing, and moving around. According to Piaget, he is in which of the following stages of cognitive development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ issue involves the degree to which early traits and characteristics persist through life or alter life.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Explain why Vygotsky would encourage small classes and group work to better facilitate learning in school.

Correct AnswerverifiedVygotsky's sociocultural cognitive theor...View AnswerShow Answer

While ethological theory stresses _____ factors, ecological theory emphasizes _____ factors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which theory stresses the importance of the environment in all facets of development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

This is a method of gathering data by means of observing behaviors in real-world settings, making no effort to manipulate or control the situation.

Correct AnswerverifiedNaturalist...View AnswerShow Answer

Cynthia is conducting a survey on the prevalence and patterns of substance abuse in her city. What could be a problem that Cynthia could encounter while using this method of data collection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on his belief that patients who talked about their problems could be restored to psychological health, Freud developed a technique called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Development can be defined as the pattern of movement or change that:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tzu-Chiang is 55 years old and is currently enrolled in a college algebra course. He is pleasantly surprised that he is performing well in the course despite not taking a formal math class for over 30 years. Researchers would consider this an instance that illustrates how development is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT one of the recent findings in the study of life satisfaction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Influences that generally affect a generation-for example, the effect of the Vietnam war on the baby boomers-are considered _____ influences.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Vygotsky's sociocultural cognitive theor...
View Answer

While ethological theory stresses _ factors, ecological theory emphasizes _ factors.

Correct Answer
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Naturalist...
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