Question 1

The network of capillaries that is located in Bowman's capsule is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   vasa recta.
B)   glomerulus.
C)   peritubular capillary.
D)   proximal convoluted capillary.
E)   efferent arteriole.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

The filtration membrane prevents blood cells and proteins from entering the Bowman capsule on the basis of size and protein type.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The inner layer of Bowman's capsule consists of specialized cells called

Accepted Answer

A)   nephrons.
B)   podocytes.
C)   nephrocytes.
D)   juxtamedullary cells.
E)   macula densa.F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 4

Drug companies use which of the following to help them calculate the duration of action of a medication?

Accepted Answer

A)   plasma clearance
B)   plasma osmolarity
C)   tubular maximum
D)   renal plasma flow
E)   glomerular filtration rateF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 5

The juxtamedullary nephrons

Accepted Answer

A)   have long loops of Henle.
B)   are found next to the renal capsule.
C)   comprise 85% of all nephrons.
D)   have their renal corpuscles located in the medulla.
E)   have short loops of Henle.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 6

Decreased ADH levels results in a urine high in

Accepted Answer

A)   potassium.
B)   water content.
C)   glucose content.
D)   bicarbonate content.
E)   hydrogen ions.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

When sodium is actively transported from tubular cells to the interstitial fluid,

Accepted Answer

A)   no energy is needed.
B)   glucose and amino acids are countertransported at the same time.
C)   Na+ concentration gradient is established between the tubule lumen and tubule cell.
D)   water is countertransported by carrier molecules.
E)   water is secreted.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 8

In the myogenic mechanism of autoregulation, what is the response to an increase in blood pressure in the afferent arteriole?

Accepted Answer

A)   constriction of the glomerulus
B)   dilation of the afferent arteriole
C)   dilation of the efferent arteriole
D)   constriction of the afferent arterioleE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

The vasa recta is a specialized portion of the

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerulus.
B)   afferent arteriole.
C)   efferent arteriole.
D)   peritubular capillary.
E)   interlobular artery.F) C) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 10

Aldosterone targets cells in the

Accepted Answer

A)   proximal convoluted tubule.
B)   loop of Henle.
C)   distal convoluted tubule.
D)   glomerulus.
E)   collecting duct.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 11

Effects of aging on the kidneys include all of the following, except

Accepted Answer

A)   an increased ability to eliminate uric acid and creatine from the blood.
B)   a gradual decrease in the size of the kidneys.
C)   a gradual decrease in blood flow through the kidneys.
D)   a loss of general function.
E)   a decline in absorption and secretion.F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 12

Which of the following ions are cotransported across the wall of the proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, and the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?

Accepted Answer

A)   sodium and bicarbonate
B)   potassium and phosphate
C)   sodium and chloride
D)   bicarbonate and potassium
E)   potassium and chlorideF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 13

The collecting ducts and distal convoluted tubules

Accepted Answer

A)   reabsorb glucose.
B)   collect filtrate from Bowman's capsule.
C)   actively transport sodium ions but not chloride ions.
D)   vary in their permeability to water relative to the amounts of ADH present.
E)   do not alter their permeability to water.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 14

Increased secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone results in

Accepted Answer

A)   increased thirst.
B)   increased urine output.
C)   increased blood pressure.
D)   increased osmolality of the extracellular fluid.
E)   decreased urine output.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 15

In order to regulate the pH of extracellular fluid, the kidneys are able to adjust the excretion of:

Accepted Answer

A)   hydrogen ions.
B)   calcium.
C)   sodium.
D)   magnesium.
E)   potassium.F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 16

As ADH production declines,

Accepted Answer

A)   glomerular filtration increases.
B)   potassium reabsorption increases.
C)   reabsorption of water increases.
D)   the urine volume increases.
E)   the blood volume increases.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 17

Removal of the posterior pituitary will immediately cause

Accepted Answer

A)   a decrease in urine volume.
B)   an increase in urine volume.
C)   no change in urine volume.D) B) and C)
E) None of the above

Question 18

Cortical tissue located between the pyramids is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   calyx tissue.
B)   renal papillae.
C)   renal columns.
D)   medullary rays.
E)   renal corpuscles.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

Choose the one that does not belong.

Accepted Answer

A)   loop of Henle
B)   glomerulus
C)   distal convoluted tubule
D)   proximal convoluted tubule
E)   Bowman's capsuleF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Exam 26: Urinary System

As ADH production declines,

Correct Answer
verified

The filtration membrane prevents blood cells and proteins from entering the Bowman capsule on the basis of size and protein type.

Correct Answer
verified

In order to regulate the pH of extracellular fluid, the kidneys are able to adjust the excretion of:

Correct Answer
verified

Cortical tissue located between the pyramids is called the

Correct Answer
verified

Drug companies use which of the following to help them calculate the duration of action of a medication?

Correct Answer
verified

Increased secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone results in

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following ions are cotransported across the wall of the proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, and the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?

Correct Answer
verified

Choose the one that does not belong.

Correct Answer
verified

The network of capillaries that is located in Bowman's capsule is called the

Correct Answer
verified

Aldosterone targets cells in the

Correct Answer
verified

Removal of the posterior pituitary will immediately cause

Correct Answer
verified

Decreased ADH levels results in a urine high in

Correct Answer
verified

Effects of aging on the kidneys include all of the following, except

Correct Answer
verified

When sodium is actively transported from tubular cells to the interstitial fluid,

Correct Answer
verified

In the myogenic mechanism of autoregulation, what is the response to an increase in blood pressure in the afferent arteriole?

Correct Answer
verified

The collecting ducts and distal convoluted tubules

Correct Answer
verified

The juxtamedullary nephrons

Correct Answer
verified

The inner layer of Bowman's capsule consists of specialized cells called

Correct Answer
verified

The vasa recta is a specialized portion of the

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 26: Urinary System

As ADH production declines,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The filtration membrane prevents blood cells and proteins from entering the Bowman capsule on the basis of size and protein type.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to regulate the pH of extracellular fluid, the kidneys are able to adjust the excretion of:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cortical tissue located between the pyramids is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Drug companies use which of the following to help them calculate the duration of action of a medication?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Increased secretion of atrial natriuretic hormone results in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following ions are cotransported across the wall of the proximal convoluted tubule, distal convoluted tubule, and the ascending limb of the loop of Henle?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the one that does not belong.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The network of capillaries that is located in Bowman's capsule is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Aldosterone targets cells in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Removal of the posterior pituitary will immediately cause

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Decreased ADH levels results in a urine high in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Effects of aging on the kidneys include all of the following, except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When sodium is actively transported from tubular cells to the interstitial fluid,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the myogenic mechanism of autoregulation, what is the response to an increase in blood pressure in the afferent arteriole?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The collecting ducts and distal convoluted tubules

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The juxtamedullary nephrons

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The inner layer of Bowman's capsule consists of specialized cells called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The vasa recta is a specialized portion of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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