Question 1

Who argued that the human subject relies on encounters with the other to experience itself as an autonomous being?

Accepted Answer

A)   Rene Descartes
B)   Jacques Lacan
C)   Michele Foucault
D)   Frantz FanonE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 2

Why is Diego Velázquez's Las Meninas (1656)  one of the most analyzed paintings in art history?

Accepted Answer

A)   It depicts an uncensored view of daily life for the Spanish royal family.
B)   Velázquez's use of perspective makes the viewer feel as though (s) he is playing a video game.
C)   The positionality of the external spectator is unclear and ambiguous.
D)   Princess Margarita's stare is a reversal of the male gaze.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

In Alfred Hitchcock's Rear Window, Jeffries (Jimmy Stewart) , the main character, is apartment-bound with a broken leg and uses binoculars to look into his neighbors' apartments. Because those neighbors become the subject of Jeffries's fantasies, this is an example of ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   exhibitionism
B)   synechdoche
C)   epidermal thinking
D)   scopophiliaE) None of the above
F) B) and D) D

Question 4

How did Russian architect Vladimir Tatlin's speculative model for a building, meant to house the Third International communist government, depict the importance of media to Modernism?

Accepted Answer

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Question 5

Cuban-American artist Ana Mendieta's Imagen de Yagul (1973)  depicts the artist lying at the bottom of an open Zapotec tomb. She is naked, yet her body is covered in white flowers concentrated around her face and torso, fully concealing them. Mendieta's refusal of the viewer's gaze most closely parallels which other artwork?

Accepted Answer

A)   Robert Mapplethorpe, Ken and Tyler (1985) 
B)   Steve McCurry, Afghan Girl (1984) 
C)   Jean-Léon Gérôme, The Bath (c. 1880-1885) 
D)   Catherine Opie, Self-Portrait/Cutting (1993) E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

What are the main features of the panopticon, and how does its design affect those within it?

Accepted Answer

Answers must include the following:
a. The panopticon is a concentric building composed of rings of cells, at the center of which stands a guard tower, from which the guards watch over and listen in on prisoners in the cells without themselves being visible or audible in return.
b. Because the guard tower's inner chamber cannot be seen from the cells, inmates can never confirm the guards' presence.
c. Inmates live in a constant state of knowing they might be under watch at any time, internalizing the guards' gaze and becoming self-regulated and docile.
Answers may include the following:
a. The panopticon was first theorized by Jeremy Bentham and further used by Michel Foucault to describe contemporary power relations.
b. Because the inmate acts as though (s)he is being watched, (s)he needn't actually be watched, thus reducing the need for human labor.
c. Prior to the modern prison system, discipline entailed practices such as public shaming and execution. The use of force served as a visible sign of the sovereign state's power.
Explanation: The panopticon is a prison structure in which the guards surveil the inmates without being seen themselves. Because the inmates never know when they are being watched, they act as though they always are.

Question 7

____________ analyzes how Western discourses have constituted the human subjects of non-Western locations as lacking agency or voice.

Accepted Answer

A)   Historical materialism
B)   Postcolonialism
C)   Orientalism
D)   PsychoanalysisE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Vaginal Creme Davis is a black, queer, intersex-born performance artist and entertainer. She performs in drag, and her work is often loud and celebratory. Through a hypervisual, public display of a body that is the opposite of the ideal national subject, Davis resists the state's ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   surveillance
B)   scopophilia
C)   gaze
D)   biopowerE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Linda Nochlin proposes that the only way to create gender equality in the art world is to ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   resuscitate unconsidered female artists through updated art history
B)   critique and revise what counts as "great art"
C)   consider the social circumstances in which art about domestic spaces is made
D)   teach female artists how to better appeal to a patriarchal unconsciousE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

Who was Michel De Certeau critiquing when he suggested that to truly know urban life, one must encounter it from a standpoint on the street rather than from above?

Accepted Answer

A)   bureaucrats
B)   workers
C)   police
D)   consumersE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Lydia is a cis woman (a woman who is not transgender)  whose favorite film is Michael Bay's Transformers (2007) , a movie about a young man and his female high school crush who save the world from evil alien robots with the help of virtuous alien robots. While the subject positions of both the camera position and active protagonist are of a white, heterosexual male, Lydia identifies with them. Whose theory on gender and identification is Lydia most in accordance with?

Accepted Answer

A)   Elizabeth Cowie
B)   Laura Mulvey
C)   John Berger
D)   Mary Ann DoaneE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Which event is associated with the rise of classical modernity?

Accepted Answer

A)   Constantinople's fall
B)   the invention of the printing press
C)   World War I
D)   the French RevolutionE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Describe René Descartes's conceptualization of the subject or individual.

Accepted Answer

Descartes conceptualized the i...

Question 14

John always describes his paintings as universal. He thinks they should be understood by anyone who views them, no matter where they are from or what period they live in. Convincing him that they are ____________ will be a daunting task.

Accepted Answer

A)   modern
B)   epistemic
C)   discursive
D)   scopophilicE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

One of the architectural innovations of London's Crystal Palace was that its glass walls combined the functions of ____________ and ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)   address; reception
B)   industry; leisure
C)   spectacle; surveillance
D)   media; governmentE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Studying an image's ____________ allows us to consider the ways that it creates a subject position by inviting certain responses from a particular category of viewer.

Accepted Answer

A)   address
B)   field of vision
C)   reception
D)   gazeE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

How does Charlie Chaplin's character in Modern Times (1936)  resist internalizing the disciplinary gaze?

Accepted Answer

A)   His body is swallowed up by the machine he operates.
B)   He spills a bowl of soup on himself.
C)   He takes a nap in the restroom.
D)   He tries to find a moment of leisure.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Michel Foucault argued that the human subject is produced through ____________, defined as an institution's rules and concepts through which power and knowledge are forged.

Accepted Answer

A)   discourse
B)   the gaze
C)   modernity
D)   the PanopticonE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 19

To gaze is to enter into a(n)  ____________ activity of looking.

Accepted Answer

A)   interpretational
B)   relational
C)   self-aware
D)   empoweringE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 20

____________ artists used characteristic methods of a discipline to criticize the discipline itself, not to subvert it but to entrench it more firmly in its area of competence.

Accepted Answer

A)   Industrial
B)   Psychoanalytic
C)   Modernist
D)   PostcolonialE) A) and C)
F) None of the above C

Exam 3: Modernity: Spectatorship, the Gaze, and Power

Who argued that the human subject relies on encounters with the other to experience itself as an autonomous being?

Correct Answer
verified

Why is Diego Velázquez's Las Meninas (1656) one of the most analyzed paintings in art history?

Correct Answer
verified

In Alfred Hitchcock's Rear Window, Jeffries (Jimmy Stewart) , the main character, is apartment-bound with a broken leg and uses binoculars to look into his neighbors' apartments. Because those neighbors become the subject of Jeffries's fantasies, this is an example of ____________.

Correct Answer
verified
D

How did Russian architect Vladimir Tatlin's speculative model for a building, meant to house the Third International communist government, depict the importance of media to Modernism?

Correct Answer
verified
News and mass media technology...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

What are the main features of the panopticon, and how does its design affect those within it?

____________ analyzes how Western discourses have constituted the human subjects of non-Western locations as lacking agency or voice.

Correct Answer
verified

Vaginal Creme Davis is a black, queer, intersex-born performance artist and entertainer. She performs in drag, and her work is often loud and celebratory. Through a hypervisual, public display of a body that is the opposite of the ideal national subject, Davis resists the state's ____________.

Correct Answer
verified

Linda Nochlin proposes that the only way to create gender equality in the art world is to ____________.

Correct Answer
verified

Who was Michel De Certeau critiquing when he suggested that to truly know urban life, one must encounter it from a standpoint on the street rather than from above?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which event is associated with the rise of classical modernity?

Correct Answer
verified

Describe René Descartes's conceptualization of the subject or individual.

Correct Answer
verified
Descartes conceptualized the i...
View Answer

John always describes his paintings as universal. He thinks they should be understood by anyone who views them, no matter where they are from or what period they live in. Convincing him that they are ____________ will be a daunting task.

Correct Answer
verified

One of the architectural innovations of London's Crystal Palace was that its glass walls combined the functions of and .

Correct Answer
verified

Studying an image's ____________ allows us to consider the ways that it creates a subject position by inviting certain responses from a particular category of viewer.

Correct Answer
verified

How does Charlie Chaplin's character in Modern Times (1936) resist internalizing the disciplinary gaze?

Correct Answer
verified

Michel Foucault argued that the human subject is produced through ____________, defined as an institution's rules and concepts through which power and knowledge are forged.

Correct Answer
verified

To gaze is to enter into a(n) ____________ activity of looking.

Correct Answer
verified

____________ artists used characteristic methods of a discipline to criticize the discipline itself, not to subvert it but to entrench it more firmly in its area of competence.

Correct Answer
verified
C

Exam 3: Modernity: Spectatorship, the Gaze, and Power

Who argued that the human subject relies on encounters with the other to experience itself as an autonomous being?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why is Diego Velázquez's Las Meninas (1656) one of the most analyzed paintings in art history?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Alfred Hitchcock's Rear Window, Jeffries (Jimmy Stewart) , the main character, is apartment-bound with a broken leg and uses binoculars to look into his neighbors' apartments. Because those neighbors become the subject of Jeffries's fantasies, this is an example of ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedD

How did Russian architect Vladimir Tatlin's speculative model for a building, meant to house the Third International communist government, depict the importance of media to Modernism?

Correct AnswerverifiedNews and mass media technology...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the main features of the panopticon, and how does its design affect those within it?

____________ analyzes how Western discourses have constituted the human subjects of non-Western locations as lacking agency or voice.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vaginal Creme Davis is a black, queer, intersex-born performance artist and entertainer. She performs in drag, and her work is often loud and celebratory. Through a hypervisual, public display of a body that is the opposite of the ideal national subject, Davis resists the state's ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Linda Nochlin proposes that the only way to create gender equality in the art world is to ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who was Michel De Certeau critiquing when he suggested that to truly know urban life, one must encounter it from a standpoint on the street rather than from above?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which event is associated with the rise of classical modernity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe René Descartes's conceptualization of the subject or individual.

Correct AnswerverifiedDescartes conceptualized the i...View AnswerShow Answer

John always describes his paintings as universal. He thinks they should be understood by anyone who views them, no matter where they are from or what period they live in. Convincing him that they are ____________ will be a daunting task.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the architectural innovations of London's Crystal Palace was that its glass walls combined the functions of ____________ and ____________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studying an image's ____________ allows us to consider the ways that it creates a subject position by inviting certain responses from a particular category of viewer.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How does Charlie Chaplin's character in Modern Times (1936) resist internalizing the disciplinary gaze?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Michel Foucault argued that the human subject is produced through ____________, defined as an institution's rules and concepts through which power and knowledge are forged.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To gaze is to enter into a(n) ____________ activity of looking.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

____________ artists used characteristic methods of a discipline to criticize the discipline itself, not to subvert it but to entrench it more firmly in its area of competence.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

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D

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News and mass media technology...
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Descartes conceptualized the i...
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One of the architectural innovations of London's Crystal Palace was that its glass walls combined the functions of and .

Correct Answer
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C