Question 1

Davis, Weintraub, and Lasser demonstrated that MyoA, MyoD, and MyoH could transform undifferentiated fibroblast cells into muscle cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Fibroblast cells that uptake cloned MyoD DNA

Accepted Answer

A)   do not contain DNA with muscle-cell-specific enhancer sequences.
B)   produce myosin and bHLH protein, but do not produce protein E.
C)   probably produce protein E and therefore will not differentiate into muscle cells.
D)   produce protein I, myosin, and myogenic bHLH protein.
E)   produce protein E, myosin, and myogenic bHLH protein.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following lists gives the cellular processes for limb formation in correct order from first to last?

Accepted Answer

A)   cell division, cell migration, cell differentiation, cell death
B)   cell migration, cell differentiation, cell division, cell death
C)   cell migration, cell division, cell differentiation, cell death
D)   cell division, cell differentiation, cell migration, cell death
E)   cell differentiation, cell migration, cell division, cell deathF) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

A mutation of a segmentation gene can result in

Accepted Answer

A)   duplication of body parts.
B)   missing body regions.
C)   replacement of one body part with another.
D)   altered expression of homeotic genes.
E)   A segmentation gene mutation can cause all of these changes.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

The organization phases of development are regulated by

Accepted Answer

A)   transcription factors.
B)   morphogens.
C)   segmentation genes.
D)   morphogens and transcription factors only.
E)   morphogens, transcription factors, and segmentation genes.F) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

Fibroblast cells are a good model system for studying muscle differentiation because

Accepted Answer

A)   they are totipotent.
B)   they never differentiate into muscle cells in a normally developing animal.
C)   they can differentiate into muscle cells in a normally developing animal.
D)   they express a limited number of genes.
E)   they have a small genome.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 7

Animal bodies are organized along the ____________ axes.

Accepted Answer

A)   dorsoventral, anteroposterior, and left-right
B)   dorsoventral, cranioposterior, and right-left
C)   dorsoventral, anteroposterior, and segmented
D)   dorsoventral, cranioposterior, and segmented
E)   apicalventral, anteroposterior, and right-leftF) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 8

What characteristics below are NOT desirable in a model organism to study development?

Accepted Answer

A)   short generation time
B)   small size
C)   large oocytes
D)   produces many offspring
E)   short life spanF) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 9

A cell's fate is determined while the cell is differentiating.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Nurse cells

Accepted Answer

A)   transcribe bicoid mRNA and then transport it to the embryo.
B)   translate bicoid mRNA into protein.
C)   induce the embryo to transcribe and translate bicoid mRNA.
D)   transport Bicoid protein to the embryo.
E)   translate bicoid mRNA into protein and transport the protein to the embryo.F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Some breeds of dogs that are specialized to retrieve objects from bodies of water have webbing between their toes. A change in what cellular response to positional information during digit formation could account for this morphological feature?

Accepted Answer

A)   Signals that cause differentiation to toes are not received by cells that become webbing.
B)   Signals to cause apoptosis are not received by cells that become webbing.
C)   Cells between the future digits migrate, but do not divide once they are in the region that will become toes.
D)   Cells between the future digits divide, but do not migrate to the region that will become toes.
E)   Cells between the future digits do not divide before migrating to the region that will become toes.F) C) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 12

The axis that determines the pattern of your hand in the direction from your thumb to little finger is the __________ axis.

Accepted Answer

A)   dorso-ventral
B)   antero-posterior
C)   right-left
D)   digital
E)   radialF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

The colinearity rule describes

Accepted Answer

A)   the spatial arrangement of homeotic genes along the chromosome.
B)   the timing of expression of homeotic genes.
C)   the long stretches of DNA between homeotic gene complexes.
D)   the parallel arrangement of homeotic genes between different chromosomes.
E)   the spatial arrangement of alpha helices in proteins encoded by homeotic genes.F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 14

Which of the following phrases INCORRECTLY completes the following statement? The Hox complexes of vertebrates

Accepted Answer

A)   encode the same genes as those found in the Antennedepia and bithorax complexes.
B)   follow the colinearity rule.
C)   are arranged in groups of four complexes in all organisms that possess them.
D)   determine the anteroposterior axis.
E)   suggest there is a basic body plan that is followed by all multicellular organisms.F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 15

Which of the following types of cells is matched with the wrong stem cell category?

Accepted Answer

A)   embryonic stem cells, pluripotent
B)   embryonic germ cells, pluripotent
C)   hematopoetic stem cells, multipotent
D)   lymphoid progenitor, unipotent
E)   zygote, totipotentF) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 16

You find an Arabidopsis plant in your greenhouse that lacks stamens and carpels, and has two rows of petals and sepals. What happened to cause this abnormal flower development?

Accepted Answer

A)   a deleterious mutation of gene C
B)   an overexpression of gene B
C)   a deleterious mutation of gene A
D)   a deleterious mutation of C and overexpression of E
E)   a deleterious mutation of C and overexpression of AF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 17

The body pattern of plants

Accepted Answer

A)   is determined by the orientation of the first zygotic cell division.
B)   is determined by sunlight.
C)   is determined by three axes.
D)   develops in segments.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Which of the following relationships is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)   Maternal effect genes activate gap genes.
B)   Gap genes activate pair-rule genes.
C)   Pair-rule genes activate segment polarity genes.
D)   These relationships are all correct.
E)   Segment polarity genes activate pair-rule genes.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 19

You want to determine the function of a vertebrate gene by creating a mutant strain. What model organism would be most suitable?

Accepted Answer

A)   C. elegans
B)   Arabidopsis
C)   sea urchin
D)   Brachydanio rerio
E)   Drosophila melanogasterF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 20

Most transcription factors active in early development are morphogens. Answer True

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 19: Developmental Genetics

Davis, Weintraub, and Lasser demonstrated that MyoA, MyoD, and MyoH could transform undifferentiated fibroblast cells into muscle cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some breeds of dogs that are specialized to retrieve objects from bodies of water have webbing between their toes. A change in what cellular response to positional information during digit formation could account for this morphological feature?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mutation of a segmentation gene can result in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following lists gives the cellular processes for limb formation in correct order from first to last?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most transcription factors active in early development are morphogens. Answer True

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nurse cells

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The colinearity rule describes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What characteristics below are NOT desirable in a model organism to study development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following types of cells is matched with the wrong stem cell category?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following phrases INCORRECTLY completes the following statement? The Hox complexes of vertebrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You find an Arabidopsis plant in your greenhouse that lacks stamens and carpels, and has two rows of petals and sepals. What happened to cause this abnormal flower development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A cell's fate is determined while the cell is differentiating.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You want to determine the function of a vertebrate gene by creating a mutant strain. What model organism would be most suitable?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fibroblast cells that uptake cloned MyoD DNA

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Animal bodies are organized along the ____________ axes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Fibroblast cells are a good model system for studying muscle differentiation because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The organization phases of development are regulated by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The body pattern of plants

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The axis that determines the pattern of your hand in the direction from your thumb to little finger is the __________ axis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following relationships is INCORRECT?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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