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Exam 8: Consumer Culture

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Question 41

Multiple Choice

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Which term refers to a socialization process by which consumers' behaviours slowly adapt to a culture through a series of rewards and sanctions?

A) modelling
B) posturing
C) mirroring
D) shaping

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Question 42

Multiple Choice

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Which term refers to the way that a person learns his or her native culture?

A) acculturation
B) enculturation
C) manipulation
D) elaboration

E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

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Question 43

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Which is the newest institution in consumer theory considered to be responsible for communicating the CSV, both formally and informally, from one generation to another?

Translational parity exists when two phrases share the same precise meaning in two different cultures.

Maria is teaching her children to say "please" and "thank you" and to say "sir" or "ma'am" when speaking to adults. What is the term for these customary mannerisms used in social situations that Maria is teaching her children?

Uncertainty avoidance is the extent to which a culture is uncomfortable with things that are ambiguous or unknown.

Consumer culture is commonly held societal beliefs that define what is socially gratifying.

Long-term orientation reflects values consistent with Aristotle's philosophy and a prioritization of future reward over short-term benefits.

Which term refers to rules that specify the appropriate behaviour in a given situation within a specific culture?

Eating turkey on Thanksgiving in Canada is an example of a tradition.

Women's traits tend to vary more from nation to nation than do those of men.

Habbas was not sure how to behave in a formal dinner with so many utensils, so he watched others and imitated their behaviours. Just by watching, he learned that the really small fork was for the shrimp cocktail and the next smallest fork was for his salad. He also learned that the bread plate on the left was his and that his water was the one on the right. What is learning in this manner an example of?

Cultural distance represents how disparate one nation is from another in terms of their CSVs.

National imperialism is the belief among consumers that their ethnic group is superior to others and that the products that come from their native land are superior to other products.

Mitch is a sales representative for Caterpillar, the world's largest manufacturer of heavy equipment. He is moving to China because of the rapid expansion in that country and the opportunity it offers Caterpillar. He is undergoing extensive training, however, because business is conducted differently in China compared to Canada. For example, Mitch is learning that business people in China expect a salesperson to develop a relationship with them before they ever discuss business. What is the term for this practice?

The quartet of institutions that are responsible for communicating the CSV through both formal and informal processes from one generation to another is made up of family, school, church, and media.

Which of the following is the Chinese term for a way of doing business in which parties must first invest time and resources in getting to know one another and becoming comfortable with one another before consummating any important deal?

How is culture learned? List the quartet of institutions responsible for communicating CSVs and discuss which one or ones had the greatest influence on your learning of your native culture and/or a new culture.

What are the physical characteristics that describe the physical environment and habitat of a particular place?

Assimilation is the process by which consumers come to learn a culture other than their natural, native culture.