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Exam 1: Childhood and Delinquency

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Question 1

Multiple Choice

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The principles motivating reformers who sought a separate justice system for juveniles included all but which of the following?

A) Children should not be held as accountable as adult transgressors.
B) The objective of the juvenile justice system is to treat and rehabilitate rather than punish.
C) Disposition should not take into consideration special circumstances and needs of the youth.
D) The system should avoid the trappings of the adult criminal process with all its confusing rules and procedures.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Correct Answer

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C

Question 2

Multiple Choice

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Running away and underage consumption of alcohol represent:

A) delinquent offenses
B) status offenses
C) stepping stones to delinquency
D) category one crimes

E) A) and C)
F) All of the above

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Question 3

Short Answer

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According to Erik Erikson,______________ is formed when persons develop a firm sense of who they are and what they stand for.

The criteria on which juvenile sentencing is based is "____________________."

Urbanization generated the belief that certain segments of the population (youths in urban areas,immigrants)were susceptible to the influences of their decaying environment.

The _______________ family could be exemplified by that of the Middle Ages,when the father exercised complete control over his wife and children.

Which of the following statements about parental liability laws is false?

​Charles Loring Brace was most known for his creation of the "Children's Aid Society," the concept of relocating orphaned children from urban environments to more rural environments to begin new lives.

While adults are tried in court,children are ________________.

A hundred and fifty years ago girls matured sexually at age 16.Today they do so at _____ years of age.

Established in 1968 by the Omnibus Crime Control and Safe Streets Act,the ________________  is a unit of the U.S.Department of Justice that administers grants and provides guidance for crime prevention policies and programs.​

Adolescents engage in a variety of risky behaviors. Provide five examples of risk taking by teens based on findings of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS)and discuss three social,economic,and /or political circumstances that increase adolescent risk taking.

Cyberbullying is the willful and repeated harm inflicted through the medium of electronic text. According to the text,which of the following statements is false with regard to this phenomenon?

List and discuss the four major developments that lead to the recognition of children's rights as presented in the text.

​Parental liability statutes traditionally fall into three categories._____________ applies when the guardian may be held criminally responsible for contributing to the delinquency of a minor.

The philosophical viewpoint that encourages the state to take control of wayward children and provide care,custody,and treatment to remedy delinquent behavior is:

The differences between the adult and juvenile system are very clear.Adults are tried,juveniles adjudicated;adults can be punished,while juveniles are typically _______________.​

The act that created the OJJDP was amended in 1987 to allow status offenders to be detained for violating valid court orders.

As defined by the textbook,the term _________________ refers to youths who have been arrested four or more times during their minority and perpetuate a striking majority of serious criminal acts.

Today there are __________________ children in the United States.