Question 1

The region of the human brain that is critically important for controlling heart rate and breathing is the

Accepted Answer

A)  medulla oblongatA.
B)  cerebellum.
C)  thalamus.
D)  hippocampus.
E)  cerebral cortex.F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 2

If you touch a hot stove and burn your hand,the pain isn't actually in your hand-it's in your head.What evidence can you provide to substantiate this claim?

Accepted Answer

A)  Interneurons form connections directly from the burned receptor molecules to the brain.
B)  Motor neurons pull your hand away from the flame,signaling pain to the brain.
C)  Sensory neurons and interneurons carry the heat sensation to the brain where it is interpreted as painful.
D)  A reflex arc allows the quick response between the hand and the brain;no interpretation occurs.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Most of the cells in your brain are neurons.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The class of neurotransmitters that most commonly acts as a modulator of postsynaptic cell response are the

Accepted Answer

A)  biogenic amines.
B)  amino acids.
C)  acetylcholine.
D)  neuropeptides.
E)  gases such as nitric oxidE.F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 5

If the regulation of hunger and thirst mechanisms goes haywire,the brain region that is most likely damaged is the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebrum.
B)  cerebellum.
C)  thalamus.
D)  hypothalamus.
E)  medulla oblongata.F) None of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 6

Electrical synapses transmit signals through the use of "messengers" called neurotransmitters.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

The ion that increases its intracellular concentration in order to trigger the release of neurotransmitters is _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ca2+
B)  Mg2+
C)  HCO3-
D)  K+
E)  Cl-F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

The somatic nervous system primarily regulates involuntary responses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

You've just had a near miss in your car.Your pulse is racing and you notice your pupils are wide open when you look in your rearview mirror.What part of your autonomic nervous system is activated?

Accepted Answer

A)  peripheral
B)  sympathetic
C)  parasympathetic
D)  myelencephalon
E)  neocortexF) All of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Interneurons are responsible for the distribution of sensory information and the coordination of motor activity.They are also involved with all higher functions,such as memory,planning,and learning.The more complex the response to a given stimulus,the greater the number of interneurons involved.Knowing this,what can you predict about the ratio of interneurons to sensory and motor neurons in the nervous system of higher animals?

Accepted Answer

A)  There must be equal numbers of sensory neurons,motor neurons and interneurons.
B)  Since interneurons connect the other two types,it is necessary to have only half as many interneurons as motor and sensory neurons.
C)  Interneurons likely outnumber all other types of neurons combined.
D)  None of these choices are correct.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

The synaptic cleft is most accurately described as

Accepted Answer

A)  a deep furrow in a postsynaptic cell where signals are received.
B)  specialized channels in the presynaptic membrane that allow the passage of ions.
C)  the narrow extracellular space between the presynaptic and postsynaptic neurons at the synapse.
D)  recesses in the postsynaptic neuron membrane where neurotransmitters binD.
E)  the area of neuronal membrane between the dendrites and the axon hillock.F) B) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 12

In a reflex arc,the correct sequence of cell types through which an electrical signal would pass would be

Accepted Answer

A)  motor neuron →\rarr→  sensory neuron  →\rarr→  interneuron in the PNS
B)  sensory neuron  →\rarr→   motor neuron  →\rarr→   interneuron in the CNS
C)  motor neuron  →\rarr→   interneuron in the PNS  →\rarr→  sensory neuron
D)  sensory neuron  →\rarr→   interneuron in the CNS  →\rarr→  motor neuron E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

The central nervous system of vertebrate animals consists of

Accepted Answer

A)  the brain.
B)  the spinal cord.
C)  all nerves in the body.
D)  nerves originating at sensory receptors.
E)  the brain and spinal cord.F) All of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 15

In mammals,the brain region that has become especially important as a "relay center" for information passing from sensory structures to the cerebrum is the

Accepted Answer

A)  pons.
B)  cerebellum.
C)  hypothalamus.
D)  thalamus.
E)  hippocampus.F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 16

Categorize each example as involving a ligand-gated ion channel or a voltage-gated ion channel.

Accepted Answer

voltage-gated ion channel Na+ ions chang...

Question 17

After an action potential is triggered,the rapid increase in membrane potential can be attributed to

Accepted Answer

A)  the direction reversal of the sodium/potassium pump.
B)  the closing of sodium leak channels.
C)  the opening of the activation gates of voltage-gated sodium channels.
D)  the closing of potassium leak channels.
E)  the opening of the voltage-gated potassium channels.F) None of the above
G) B) and D)

Question 18

Assess the merits of each action potential analogy;select the representation that corresponds most accurately.

Accepted Answer

A)  An action potential happens like a ripple in a pond;a ripple spreads out and gets slightly weaker as it travels.
B)  An action potential happens like a row of dominoes falling;the signal has constant velocity and constant strength no matter how long the row of dominoes may be.
C)  An action potential happens like a crowd doing the wave in a football stadium;the enthusiasm and volume increase as more people get involved.D) All of the above
E) B) and C)

Question 19

The sympathetic nervous system is part of the

Accepted Answer

A)  central nervous system.
B)  autonomic nervous system.
C)  somatic nervous system.
D)  learning and memory system.
E)  limbic system in the brain mediating emotion.F) B) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 20

Ionotropic receptors act by activating G proteins in target cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 32: Neuroscience I: Structure, Function, and Evolution of Nervous Systems

Assess the merits of each action potential analogy;select the representation that corresponds most accurately.

Correct Answer
verified

The central nervous system of vertebrate animals consists of

Correct Answer
verified

Electrical synapses transmit signals through the use of "messengers" called neurotransmitters.

Correct Answer
verified

In mammals,the brain region that has become especially important as a "relay center" for information passing from sensory structures to the cerebrum is the

Correct Answer
verified

Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates.

Correct Answer
verified

If the regulation of hunger and thirst mechanisms goes haywire,the brain region that is most likely damaged is the

Correct Answer
verified

After an action potential is triggered,the rapid increase in membrane potential can be attributed to

Correct Answer
verified

Categorize each example as involving a ligand-gated ion channel or a voltage-gated ion channel.

Correct Answer
verified
voltage-gated ion channel Na+ ions chang...
View Answer

The ion that increases its intracellular concentration in order to trigger the release of neurotransmitters is _____.

Correct Answer
verified

The region of the human brain that is critically important for controlling heart rate and breathing is the

Correct Answer
verified

In a reflex arc,the correct sequence of cell types through which an electrical signal would pass would be

Correct Answer
verified

The somatic nervous system primarily regulates involuntary responses.

Correct Answer
verified

You've just had a near miss in your car.Your pulse is racing and you notice your pupils are wide open when you look in your rearview mirror.What part of your autonomic nervous system is activated?

Correct Answer
verified

The synaptic cleft is most accurately described as

Correct Answer
verified

If you touch a hot stove and burn your hand,the pain isn't actually in your hand-it's in your head.What evidence can you provide to substantiate this claim?

Correct Answer
verified

The sympathetic nervous system is part of the

Correct Answer
verified

Most of the cells in your brain are neurons.

Correct Answer
verified

Ionotropic receptors act by activating G proteins in target cells.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

The class of neurotransmitters that most commonly acts as a modulator of postsynaptic cell response are the

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 32: Neuroscience I: Structure, Function, and Evolution of Nervous Systems

Assess the merits of each action potential analogy;select the representation that corresponds most accurately.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The central nervous system of vertebrate animals consists of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Electrical synapses transmit signals through the use of "messengers" called neurotransmitters.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In mammals,the brain region that has become especially important as a "relay center" for information passing from sensory structures to the cerebrum is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)is the most common inhibitory neurotransmitter in vertebrates.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the regulation of hunger and thirst mechanisms goes haywire,the brain region that is most likely damaged is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After an action potential is triggered,the rapid increase in membrane potential can be attributed to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Categorize each example as involving a ligand-gated ion channel or a voltage-gated ion channel.

Correct Answerverifiedvoltage-gated ion channel Na+ ions chang...View AnswerShow Answer

The ion that increases its intracellular concentration in order to trigger the release of neurotransmitters is _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The region of the human brain that is critically important for controlling heart rate and breathing is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a reflex arc,the correct sequence of cell types through which an electrical signal would pass would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The somatic nervous system primarily regulates involuntary responses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You've just had a near miss in your car.Your pulse is racing and you notice your pupils are wide open when you look in your rearview mirror.What part of your autonomic nervous system is activated?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The synaptic cleft is most accurately described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you touch a hot stove and burn your hand,the pain isn't actually in your hand-it's in your head.What evidence can you provide to substantiate this claim?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sympathetic nervous system is part of the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of the cells in your brain are neurons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ionotropic receptors act by activating G proteins in target cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The class of neurotransmitters that most commonly acts as a modulator of postsynaptic cell response are the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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verified
voltage-gated ion channel Na+ ions chang...
View Answer

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verified

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verified

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