Question 1

Bacteria can exchange DNA between strains of the same species and between different species.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 2

A mutation in the gene encoding the enzyme that cuts F factor DNA during conjugation would result in

Accepted Answer

A)  an inability to separate the recipient DNA from the donor DNA
B)  an inability to draw the conjugated cells close enough to allow DNA transfer
C)  the transfer of single-stranded DNA instead of double-stranded DNA
D)  the inability of the donor DNA to move through the pilus
E)  the inability of the recipient cell to replicate the F factor after transferF) B) and C)
G) C) and E)

Question 3

All forms of horizontal gene transfer require both the recipient and donor bacteria to be alive.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

It has been difficult to create an effective vaccine against HIV because reverse transcriptase cannot correct its errors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

How do the reproduction of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and bacteriophage lambda differ from each other?

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV enocodes and uses reverse transcriptase,while lambda phage does not
B)  HIV production requires integrase,while bacteriophage lambda does not
C)  HIV can reproduce in either eukaryotic or prokaryotic cells,while bacteriophage lambda can only infect bacteria
D)  bacteriophage lambda attaches to specific proteins on the cell surface,while HIV does not
E)  None of these is correctF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 6

The influenza virus is typical of many animal viruses in that is has an envelope composed of lipids and glycoproteins.Which of the following statements about the envelope is ACCURATE?

Accepted Answer

A)  the envelope glycoproteins are encoded by genes found in the host genome
B)  the envelope is inside the capsid
C)  the envelope is obtained from the host cell when the virus buds from the plasma membrane
D)  the envelope is obtained from the host cell upon entry into the cell
E)  the envelope is formed via the action of integraseF) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

Question 7

An episome is

Accepted Answer

A)  a plasmid that can make bacterial cells resistant to antibiotics
B)  a plasmid that gives bacteria the ability to degrade toluene
C)  a plasmid that can exist either autonomously in the cytoplasm or as part of a chromosome
D)  a plasmid that can turn a bacteria that is harmless into a strain that can cause disease
E)  a plasmid that gives bacteria the ability to exchange DNA with another bacterial cellF) A) and B)
G) C) and E)

Question 8

To fit into the nucleiod region,a bacterial chromosome is tightly wrapped around histone proteins.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  False

Question 9

Bacterial infections have become much more of a threat to human health due to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  the increased use of antibiotics
B)  an increase in acquired antibiotic resistance by innocuous strains
C)  horizontal transfer of pathogenicity
D)  an increased use of antibiotics coupled with an increase in acquired antibiotic resistance by innocuous strains
E)  an increased use of antibiotics,horizontal transfer of pathogenicity,and an increase in acquired antibiotic resistance by innocuous strainsF) All of the above
G) A) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following characteristics do all viruses have in common?

Accepted Answer

A)  they are all incapable of replicating their own nucleic acid
B)  they all have DNA genomes
C)  they all have a broad host range
D)  they all infect eukaryotes
E)  they all contain a capsid surrounded by a fatty envelopeF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 11

You discover a bacteria species in a deep ocean sample that can turn olive oil into pure gold.The bacteria do not replicate well at sea level,and one night all of your "Golden" bacteria die.What can you do to possibly retrieve the gold-making gene from the dead Golden bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  transform a live bacterial strain with the Golden bacteria's DNA
B)  transduce a live bacterial strain with the Golden bacteria's DNA
C)  conjugate a live bacterial strain with the Golden bacteria
D)  transduce the Golden bacteria and then infect a live strain of bacteria with the transducing virus
E)  there is nothing you can do because the cells are dead.You will have to search the ocean and hope to find the elusive bacteria againF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 12

Dmitri Ivanovski demonstrated that TMV was not spread via bacteria by

Accepted Answer

A)  transmitting sap of infected plants from generation to generation
B)  filtering sap from an infected plant through pores smaller than bacteria,and then applying it to a healthy plant
C)  spraying sap from an infected plant onto a healthy plant
D)  sterilizing sap from an infected plant and then applying it to a healthy plant
E)  treating an infected plant with a broad spectrum of antibiotics before extracting sapF) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bacterial chromosomes?

Accepted Answer

A)  they are single stranded
B)  they are around 10* smaller than eukaryotic chromosomes
C)  they contain gene coding regions and regulatory regions
D)  they can be present in more than one copy
E)  they have only one origin of replicationF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

You are reconstructing a phylogeny (evolutionary tree) of three strains of the same bacteria species.Analysis of different genes results in different phylogenies.Phylogeny A analyzed the bacterial strains using the smil gene,while phylogeny B analyzed the nosy gene.The true evolution of these strains is illustrated below the phylogenies.Study these diagrams and determine what is the best representation of these bacterial strains and why.

Accepted Answer

A)  Phylogeny A,because the nosy gene was acquired via horizontal gene transfer and not an ancestor-descent relationship.
B)  Phylogeny A,because the smil gene was acquired via horizontal gene transfer and not an ancestor-descent relationship.
C)  Phylogeny B,because the nosy gene was acquired via horizontal gene transfer and not an ancestor-descent relationship.
D)  Phylogeny B,because the smil gene was acquired via horizontal gene transfer and not an ancestor-descent relationship.
E)  Phylogeny A and B are equally good representations of the relationships between these bacterial strains.F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 15

Viral release from a bacterial cell

Accepted Answer

A)  requires the production of lysozyme encoded by the viral genome
B)  requires the production of lysozyme encoded by the eukaryotic genome
C)  kills the infected cell
D)  requires the production of lysozyme encoded by the viral genome and kills the infected cell
E)  requires the production of lysozyme encoded by the eukaryotic genome and kills the bacterial cellF) A) and B)
G) None of the above

Question 16

Integrase

Accepted Answer

A)  is required for prophage formation
B)  cuts viral genomes
C)  is required for genome entry into the bacteria
D)  is required for provirus formation
E)  cuts the viral genome and is required for both prophage and provirus formationF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 17

Persons infected with HIV often die of opportunistic diseases because

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV can transduce other viruses into virulent strains
B)  HIV destroys T cells
C)  HIV binds to antibodies
D)  HIV is a retrovirus
E)  HIV mutates easilyF) B) and C)
G) B) and E) B

Question 18

Transduction is

Accepted Answer

A)  the transfer of viral genes to a bacteria by a virus
B)  the transfer of bacterial genes to another bacteria by a virus
C)  the use of bacterial replication machinery to produce viral particles
D)  the transfer of bacterial genes from one bacteria to another
E)  the transfer of bacterial genes to another via a pilusF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Baculovirus genomes are 133.9 kb long and encode over 150 genes.This suggests that

Accepted Answer

A)  their protein structures are very complex
B)  their protein coats consist of very few types of protein subunits
C)  their genetic material is RNA
D)  their genetic material is DNA
E)  they have a small host rangeF) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

Question 20

Bacterial conjugation is also called bacterial sex because there is an equal exchange of genetic information between two cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 15: Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria

Bacteria can exchange DNA between strains of the same species and between different species.

Correct Answer
verified
True

A mutation in the gene encoding the enzyme that cuts F factor DNA during conjugation would result in

Correct Answer
verified

All forms of horizontal gene transfer require both the recipient and donor bacteria to be alive.

Correct Answer
verified

It has been difficult to create an effective vaccine against HIV because reverse transcriptase cannot correct its errors.

Correct Answer
verified

How do the reproduction of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and bacteriophage lambda differ from each other?

Correct Answer
verified

The influenza virus is typical of many animal viruses in that is has an envelope composed of lipids and glycoproteins.Which of the following statements about the envelope is ACCURATE?

Correct Answer
verified

An episome is

Correct Answer
verified

To fit into the nucleiod region,a bacterial chromosome is tightly wrapped around histone proteins.

Correct Answer
verified
False

Bacterial infections have become much more of a threat to human health due to which of the following?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following characteristics do all viruses have in common?

Correct Answer
verified

You discover a bacteria species in a deep ocean sample that can turn olive oil into pure gold.The bacteria do not replicate well at sea level,and one night all of your "Golden" bacteria die.What can you do to possibly retrieve the gold-making gene from the dead Golden bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

Dmitri Ivanovski demonstrated that TMV was not spread via bacteria by

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bacterial chromosomes?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Viral release from a bacterial cell

Correct Answer
verified

Integrase

Correct Answer
verified

Persons infected with HIV often die of opportunistic diseases because

Correct Answer
verified
B

Transduction is

Correct Answer
verified

Baculovirus genomes are 133.9 kb long and encode over 150 genes.This suggests that

Correct Answer
verified

Bacterial conjugation is also called bacterial sex because there is an equal exchange of genetic information between two cells.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 15: Genetics of Viruses and Bacteria

Bacteria can exchange DNA between strains of the same species and between different species.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

A mutation in the gene encoding the enzyme that cuts F factor DNA during conjugation would result in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All forms of horizontal gene transfer require both the recipient and donor bacteria to be alive.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

It has been difficult to create an effective vaccine against HIV because reverse transcriptase cannot correct its errors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do the reproduction of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and bacteriophage lambda differ from each other?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The influenza virus is typical of many animal viruses in that is has an envelope composed of lipids and glycoproteins.Which of the following statements about the envelope is ACCURATE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An episome is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To fit into the nucleiod region,a bacterial chromosome is tightly wrapped around histone proteins.

Correct AnswerverifiedFalse

Bacterial infections have become much more of a threat to human health due to which of the following?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following characteristics do all viruses have in common?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You discover a bacteria species in a deep ocean sample that can turn olive oil into pure gold.The bacteria do not replicate well at sea level,and one night all of your "Golden" bacteria die.What can you do to possibly retrieve the gold-making gene from the dead Golden bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dmitri Ivanovski demonstrated that TMV was not spread via bacteria by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of bacterial chromosomes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viral release from a bacterial cell

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Integrase

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Persons infected with HIV often die of opportunistic diseases because

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Transduction is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Baculovirus genomes are 133.9 kb long and encode over 150 genes.This suggests that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bacterial conjugation is also called bacterial sex because there is an equal exchange of genetic information between two cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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True

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False

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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B

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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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