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Pepsi-Cola made "freshness" an important product attribute when it stamped freshness dates on its cans. Prior to doing so, few consumers considered freshness an issue for soft drinks. Pepsi is trying to change consumers' attitudes toward its soft drinks by


A) changing beliefs about the extent to which a brand has a specific attribute.
B) changing the perceived importance of a specific attribute.
C) adding a new attribute.
D) reducing perceived risk.
E) providing stimulus generalization.

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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Which problem solving variation would typically be used for blenders, a restaurant for lunch, or professional ball game tickets?


A) routine response behavior
B) extended problem solving
C) simulated selection
D) integrated problem solving
E) limited problem solving

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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In behavioral learning, a __________ is the action taken by a consumer to satisfy a drive.


A) cue
B) demotivator
C) motivator
D) response
E) stimulus

F) A) and C)
G) B) and E)

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A filtering of exposure, comprehension, and retention is called __________.


A) selective attention
B) selective perception
C) selective intuition
D) selective retention
E) stimulus discrimination

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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The process by which an individual selects, organizes, and interprets information to create a meaningful picture of the world is referred to as __________.


A) motivation
B) attitude formation
C) learning
D) perception
E) a self-concept

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Julie is an avid mystery reader and her babysitter Tina has been borrowing some of her books over the summer. When Tina's birthday approaches, Julie wants to buy her a good mystery. When Julie was trying to recall her favorite mystery authors, she was engaged in


A) problem recognition.
B) an internal search.
C) an external search.
D) a purchase task.
E) the precognition of an antecedent state

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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In the United States, there are two major political parties whose members disagree with each other on a variety of issues. Both Republicans and Democrats view one another as being part of a(n) __________ group.


A) associative
B) aspiration
C) dissociative
D) reference
E) involvement

F) A) and C)
G) B) and D)

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In behavioral learning, a __________ is the reward that is given to a consumer.


A) cue
B) stimulus
C) motivator
D) response
E) reinforcement

F) C) and D)
G) D) and E)

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Consumers' ability to perceive taste differences in chocolate bars is an example of


A) cognitive dissonance.
B) stimulus discrimination.
C) selective retention.
D) selective comprehension.
E) stimulus generalization.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Five situational influences have an impact on a consumer's purchase decision process. They are: purchase task, social surroundings, __________, temporal effects, and antecedent states.


A) competitive offerings
B) physical surroundings
C) core values
D) motivation
E) economic effects

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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The feeling of postpurchase psychological tension or anxiety consumers may experience when faced with two or more highly attractive alternatives is referred to as


A) angst.
B) the temporal state.
C) the dissociative state.
D) selective perception.
E) cognitive dissonance

F) A) and B)
G) B) and C)

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Elsa contends that she can taste the difference between fat-free cheeses and those with its regular fat content. Elsa is exhibiting


A) cognitive dissonance.
B) selective retention.
C) stimulus discrimination.
D) selective comprehension.
E) stimulus generalization.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Word of mouth refers to


A) advertising or public service announcements that rely solely on auditory or voice messages to reach an organization's target market.
B) subjective, often negative, misconceptions that are passed from one person to another as the result of selective perception.
C) the influencing of people during conversations.
D) the individuals who exert direct or indirect social influence over others.
E) casual or unconstrained conversation or reports about other people or offerings involving details that are not confirmed as being true

F) C) and D)
G) B) and C)

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Rackspace U.S. Inc. is a web hosting company. That means that if you want to have a website, you could buy not only Internet space from it but also technical support and design services. When its ad tells you that its users consider Rackspace "the risk-free host because it offers dedicated and helpful support any time day or night," you know that Rackspace is most likely trying to do which of the following?


A) identify its core values
B) reduce new buyers' cognitive dissonance
C) increase new buyers' cognitive dissonance
D) produce a consideration set
E) evoke problem recognition

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Correct Answer

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Sociocultural influences that affect the consumer purchase decision process include all of the following EXCEPT:


A) personal influence.
B) reference groups.
C) family.
D) culture and subculture.
E) values, beliefs, and attitudes.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Stephan was excited about his newly purchased laptop. It had all the features he wanted, and was really fast with a great display for his gaming. In addition, the $1,200 price tag was reasonable. The same day he took it out of the box, he saw an online special for a similar computer, on sale for only $1,000. Suddenly he began to doubt his purchase decision, and worried that maybe he hadn't gotten such a good deal. Stephan was most likely experiencing


A) limited problem solving.
B) cognitive dissonance.
C) selective discord.
D) product conflict.
E) product uncertainty.

F) B) and C)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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The alternative evaluation stage clarifies the problem for the consumer by suggesting criteria to use for the purchase, yielding brand names that might meet the criteria, and __________.


A) developing consumer value perceptions
B) evaluating particular products
C) selecting the type of retail outlet
D) establishing a purchase timeline
E) creating a hierarchy of needs

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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The fourth stage in the consumer purchase decision process involves deciding from whom to by and when to buy so that the purchase decision can be made. What is this stage called?


A) postpurchase behavior
B) alternative evaluation
C) purchase decision
D) problem recognition
E) information search

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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Once a consumer has completed the alternative evaluation stage of the consumer purchase decision process, two choices remain, which are


A) which product to buy and how to pay for it.
B) whether to buy one or several if a BOGO deal is offered and how to pay for them.
C) from whom to buy and when to buy.
D) which product to buy and whether to tell others about the purchase.
E) whether to buy in person or online and whether to tell others about the purchase

F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

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When Aurelia looked in her closet and said, "I don't have anything to wear to the party this weekend," she seems to be in which stage of the consumer purchase decision process?


A) purchase decision
B) alternative evaluation
C) information search
D) problem recognition
E) postpurchase behavior

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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