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If the shape of the curve depicting a firm's WACC versus its debt ratio is more like a sharp "V",as opposed to a shallow "U",it will be easier for the firm to maintain a steady dividend in the face of varying investment opportunities or earnings from year to year.

A) True
B) False

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If a firm adheres strictly to the residual dividend policy,then if its optimal capital budget requires the use of all earnings for a given year (along with new debt according to the optimal debt/total assets ratio) ,then the firm should pay


A) no dividends to common stockholders.
B) dividends only out of funds raised by the sale of new common stock.
C) dividends only out of funds raised by borrowing money (i.e. ,issue debt) .
D) dividends only out of funds raised by selling off fixed assets.
E) no dividends except out of past retained earnings.

F) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

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One implication of the bird-in-the-hand theory of dividends is that a given reduction in dividend yield must be offset by a more than proportionate increase in growth in order to keep a firm's required return constant,other things held constant.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements is NOT correct?


A) After a 3-for-1 stock split,a company's price per share should fall,but the number of shares outstanding will rise.
B) Investors can interpret a stock repurchase program as a signal that the firm's managers believe the stock is undervalued.
C) Companies can repurchase shares to distribute large inflows of cash,say from the sale of a division,to stockholders without paying cash dividends.
D) Stockholders pay no income tax on dividends if the dividends are used to purchase stock through a dividend reinvestment plan.
E) Stock repurchases can be used by a firm as part of a plan to change its capital structure.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

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Sanchez Company has planned capital expenditures that total $2,000,000.The company wants to maintain a target capital structure that is 35% debt and 65% equity.The company forecasts that its net income this year will be $1,800,000.If the company follows a residual dividend policy,what will be its total dividend payment?


A) $100,000
B) $200,000
C) $300,000
D) $400,000
E) $500,000

F) B) and E)
G) D) and E)

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If investors prefer firms that retain most of their earnings,then a firm that wants to maximize its stock price should set a low payout ratio.

A) True
B) False

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Underlying the dividend irrelevance theory proposed by Miller and Modigliani is their argument that the value of the firm is determined only by its basic earning power and its business risk.

A) True
B) False

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The announcement of an increase in the cash dividend should,according to MM,lead to an increase in the price of the firm's stock.

A) True
B) False

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Poff Industries' stock currently sells for $120 a share.You own 100 shares of the stock.The company is contemplating a 2-for-1 stock split.Which of the following best describes what your position will be after such a split takes place?


A) You will have 200 shares of stock,and the stock will trade at or near $60 a share.
B) You will have 100 shares of stock,and the stock will trade at or near $60 a share.
C) You will have 50 shares of stock,and the stock will trade at or near $120 a share.
D) You will have 50 shares of stock,and the stock will trade at or near $60 a share.
E) You will have 200 shares of stock,and the stock will trade at or near $120 a share.

F) A) and D)
G) B) and D)

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The capital budget of Creative Ventures Inc.is $1,000,000.The company wants to maintain a target capital structure that is 30% debt and 70% equity.The company forecasts that its net income this year will be $800,000.If the company follows a residual dividend policy,what will be its total dividend payment?


A) $100,000
B) $200,000
C) $300,000
D) $400,000
E) $500,000

F) None of the above
G) B) and C)

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Which of the following statements is correct?


A) The clientele effect can explain why so many firms change their dividend policies so often.
B) One advantage of adopting the residual dividend policy is that this policy makes it easier for corporations to develop a specific and well-identified dividend clientele.
C) New-stock dividend reinvestment plans are similar to stock dividends because they both increase the number of shares outstanding but don't change the firm's total amount of book equity.
D) Investors who receive stock dividends must pay taxes on the value of the new shares in the year the stock dividends are received.
E) If a firm follows the residual dividend policy,then a sudden increase in the number of profitable projects is likely to reduce the firm's dividend payout.

F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

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Norton Electrical has quite a few positive NPV projects from which to choose.The problem is that it has more of these projects than it can finance without issuing new stock and the board of directors refuses to issue any new shares in the foreseeable future.Norton's projected net income is $150.0 million,its target capital structure is 25% debt and 75% equity,and its target payout ratio is 65%.The CFO now wants to determine how the maximum capital budget would be affected by changes in capital structure policy and/or the target dividend payout policy.Versus the current policy,how much larger could the capital budget be if (1) the target debt ratio were raised to 75%,other things held constant, (2) the target payout ratio were lowered to 20%,other things held constant,and (3) the debt ratio and payout were both changed by the indicated amounts. Increase in Capital Budget Increase Lower Debt to 75% Payout to 20% Do both


A) $114.0 $73.3 $333.9
B) $120.0 $77.2 $351.5
C) $126.4 $81.2 $370.0
D) $133.0 $85.5 $389.5
E) $140.0 $90.0 $410.0

F) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

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Which of the following statements is correct?


A) One advantage of dividend reinvestment plans is that they enable investors to postpone paying taxes on the dividends credited to their account.
B) Stock repurchases can be used by a firm that wants to increase its debt ratio.
C) Stock repurchases make sense if a company expects to have a lot of profitable new projects to fund over the next few years,provided investors are aware of these investment opportunities.
D) One advantage of an open market dividend reinvestment plan is that it provides new equity capital and increases the shares outstanding.
E) One disadvantage of dividend reinvestment plans is that they increase transactions costs for investors who want to increase their ownership in the company.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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The following data apply to Garber Industries,Inc.(GII) : Value of operations $1,000 Short-term investments $100 Debt $300 Number of shares 100 The company plans on distributing $50 million as dividend payments.What will the intrinsic per share stock price be immediately after the distribution?


A) $6.32
B) $6.65
C) $7.00
D) $7.35
E) $7.72

F) A) and C)
G) C) and D)

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Consider two very different firms,M and N.Firm M is a mature firm in a mature industry.Its annual net income and net cash flows are both consistently high and stable.However,M's growth prospects are quite limited,so its capital budget is small relative to its net income.Firm N is a relatively new firm in a new and growing industry.Its markets and products have not stabilized,so its annual operating income fluctuates considerably.However,N has substantial growth opportunities,and its capital budget is expected to be large relative to its net income for the foreseeable future.Which of the following statements is correct?


A) Firm M probably has a higher dividend payout ratio than Firm N.
B) If the corporate tax rate increases,the debt ratio of both firms is likely to decline.
C) The two firms are equally likely to pay high dividends.
D) Firm N is likely to have a clientele of shareholders who want to receive consistent,stable dividend income.
E) Firm M probably has a lower debt ratio than Firm N.

F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

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Brinkley Resources stock has increased significantly over the last five years,selling now for $175 per share.Management feels this price is too high for the average investor and wants to get the price down to a more typical level,which it thinks is $25 per share.What stock split would be required to get to this price,assuming the transaction has no effect on the total market value? Put another way,how many new shares should be given per one old share?


A) 6.65
B) 6.98
C) 7.00
D) 7.35
E) 7.72

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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If a firm adheres strictly to the residual dividend policy,the issuance of new common stock would suggest that


A) the dividend payout ratio is increasing.
B) no dividends were paid during the year.
C) the dividend payout ratio is decreasing.
D) the dollar amount of investments has decreased.
E) the dividend payout ratio has remained constant.

F) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

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Which of the following statements is correct?


A) Capital gains earned in a share repurchase are taxed less favorably than dividends;this explains why companies typically pay dividends and avoid share repurchases.
B) Very often,a company's stock price will rise when it announces that it plans to commence a share repurchase program.Such an announcement could lead to a stock price decline,but this does not normally happen.
C) Stock repurchases increase the number of outstanding shares.
D) The clientele effect is the best explanation for why companies tend to vary their dividend payments from quarter to quarter.
E) If a company has a 2-for-1 stock split,its stock price should roughly double.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

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Rohter Galeano Inc.is considering how to set its dividend policy.It has a capital budget of $3,000,000.The company wants to maintain a target capital structure that is 15% debt and 85% equity.The company forecasts that its net income this year will be $3,500,000.If the company follows a residual dividend policy,what will be its total dividend payment?


A) $205,000
B) $500,000
C) $950,000
D) $2,550,000
E) $3,050,000

F) A) and C)
G) A) and D)

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Victor Rumsfeld Inc.'s dividend policy is under review by its board.Its projected capital budget is $2,000,000,its target capital structure is 60% debt and 40% equity,and its forecasted net income is $600,000.If the company follows a residual dividend policy,what total dividends,if any,will it pay out?


A) $240,000
B) $228,000
C) $216,600
D) $205,770
E) $0

F) D) and E)
G) None of the above

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