Question 1

Viruses are categorized according to all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   size and shape.
B)   their type of nucleic acid.
C)   the presence of absence of an envelope.
D)   their method of reproduction, whether asexual or sexual.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Study the life cycle diagram. Label A is the ________ life cycle.

Accepted Answer

A)   lysogenic
B)   sexual
C)   lytic
D)   alternation of generationsE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Influenza strains that sweep around the world often carry names such as Shanghai H1N1 or Mexico City H2N2. The viruses vary in H and N surface proteins because

Accepted Answer

A)   the viruses reproduce and attack people in cities more often.
B)   these viruses emerged as stray DNA from the genomes of people in these cities.
C)   this is where the antibodies of immune people began to break down and the old virus was again virulent.
D)   when infected people develop immunity to the present virus, strains that mutate sufficiently to be outside the range of immunity are soon spread in highly populated areas.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 4

Prokaryotes are now divided into the

Accepted Answer

A)   archaea and bacteria.
B)   bacteria and cyanobacteria.
C)   photosynthetic bacteria and chemosynthetic bacteria.
D)   archaea and cyanobacteria.
E)   autotrophs and heterotrophs.F) C) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 5

Name the labeled structures of the virus pictured in this figure.  
A: _____________
B: _____________
C: _____________
D: _____________
E: _____________ (protein shell)

Accepted Answer

A: fiber protein
B: ...

Question 6

What are the two Domains that the prokaryotes are classified under?

Accepted Answer

A)   Archaea & Bacteria
B)   Eukarya & Bacteria
C)   Archaea & Eukarya
D)   Protista & ArchaeaE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 7

What is the correct sequence of events in the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection?

Accepted Answer

A)   Attachment, Viral DNA penetration into host cell, Integration of viral DNA into host cell DNA, Biosythesis, Maturation, Release
B)   Endocytosis of virion, Uncoating, Maturation, and Release
C)   Attachment, Fusion of envelope and host cell membrane, Biosynthesis, Maturation, and Release
D)   Attachment, Viral DNA penetration, Biosynthesis, Maturation and ReleaseE) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 8

In order to infect a cell, a virus must

Accepted Answer

A)   inject its protein into the cell while the nucleic acid remains attached to the host cell surface.
B)   have a special protein on its surface that can interact with a protein on the surface of the host cell.
C)   actively burrow through the cell wall or cell membrane of the host cell to reach the cell's nucleus.
D)   produce a special extension of its cytoplasm when it comes into contact with the appropriate host cell.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Chemoautotrophs oxidize which of the following to obtain the energy necessary to reduce carbon dioxide to an organic compound?

Accepted Answer

A)   hydrogen gas
B)   hydrogen sulfide
C)   ammonia
D)   All of the choices are correct.
E)   nitritesF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 10

The innermost portion of a virus' structure is made up of

Accepted Answer

A)   a membranous envelope.
B)   either DNA or RNA.
C)   both DNA and RNA.
D)   a protein capsid.
E)   spikes.F) B) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Pasteur's experiments are depicted in this diagram. Do the results of the first experiment confirm the prediction of Hypothesis A? Do the results of the first experiment confirm the prediction of Hypothesis B?

Accepted Answer

The growth in the flasks of the first ex...

Question 12

All of the following are means of genetic recombination in prokaryotes EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   conjugation.
B)   transformation.
C)   transduction.
D)   crossing over.E) A) and C)
F) All of the above D

Question 13

Which statement is NOT true about a retrovirus?

Accepted Answer

A)   It may cause cancer or AIDS.
B)   It contains reverse transcriptase.
C)   It remains in the host cell genome, but is not replicated when host DNA is replicated.
D)   It has the capacity to integrate cDNA into the host DNA of the cell it infects.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Describe the lysogenic cycle of a bacteriophage and/or a prophage. Why do you think it would be useful to the virus to have this cycle.

Accepted Answer

Answers may vary. In the lysogenic cycle...

Question 15

When conditions are unfavorable, some bacteria form

Accepted Answer

A)   pili.
B)   endospores.
C)   galls.
D)   capsules.
E)   thylakoids.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B) B

Question 16

Which enzyme enables a retrovirus to convert its' RNA genome into DNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA helicase
B)   reverse transcriptase
C)   DNA ligase
D)   reverse helicaseE) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 17

The cycle of viral infection in which the viral DNA is integrated into the host's DNA is called the _______ cycle.

Accepted Answer

A)   lysogenic
B)   lysozyme
C)   lytic
D)   lysol
E)   lysosomeF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 18

Which of the following characteristics about saprotrophs is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are viruses that infect plant and fungal cells.
B)   They are bacteria that decompose large organic molecules.
C)   Saprotrophs are also called decomposers.
D)   They are ecologically important in recycling matter.E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

The cycle of viral infection of a bacterial cell that will cause its death most rapidly is called the _______ cycle.

Accepted Answer

A)   lysogenic
B)   lysozyme
C)   lytic
D)   lysol
E)   lysosomeF) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 20

Identify the correct sequence of events that occur during the reproduction of HIV.

Accepted Answer

A)   Virus attaches to a host cell - the virus enters the cell - viral DNA is incorporated into the host DNA - reverse transcriptase occurs - viral / host DNA is turned into a viral mRNA code - the viral RNA forms into a mature virus - mature viruses leave the host cell
B)   Virus attaches to a host cell - the virus enters the cell - reverse transcriptase occurs - viral DNA is incorporated into the host DNA - viral / host DNA is turned into a viral mRNA code - the viral RNA forms into a mature virus - mature viruses leave the host cell
C)   Virus attaches to a host cell - the virus enters the cell - viral DNA is incorporated into the host DNA - reverse transcriptase occurs - the viral RNA forms into a mature virus - viral / host DNA is turned into a viral mRNA code - mature viruses leave the host cell
D)   Virus attaches to a host cell - the virus enters the cell - viral / host DNA is turned into a viral mRNA code - viral DNA is incorporated into the host DNA - reverse transcriptase occurs - the viral RNA forms into a mature virus - mature viruses leave the host cellE) B) and C)
F) None of the above B

Exam 20: Viruses, Bacteria, and Archaea

Viruses are categorized according to all of the following EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Study the life cycle diagram. Label A is the ________ life cycle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Influenza strains that sweep around the world often carry names such as Shanghai H1N1 or Mexico City H2N2. The viruses vary in H and N surface proteins because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prokaryotes are now divided into the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Name the labeled structures of the virus pictured in this figure. A: _____________ B: _____________ C: _____________ D: _____________ E: _____________ (protein shell)

Correct AnswerverifiedA: fiber proteinB: ...View AnswerShow Answer

What are the two Domains that the prokaryotes are classified under?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the correct sequence of events in the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In order to infect a cell, a virus must

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemoautotrophs oxidize which of the following to obtain the energy necessary to reduce carbon dioxide to an organic compound?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The innermost portion of a virus' structure is made up of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pasteur's experiments are depicted in this diagram. Do the results of the first experiment confirm the prediction of Hypothesis A? Do the results of the first experiment confirm the prediction of Hypothesis B?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe growth in the flasks of the first ex...View AnswerShow Answer

All of the following are means of genetic recombination in prokaryotes EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Which statement is NOT true about a retrovirus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Describe the lysogenic cycle of a bacteriophage and/or a prophage. Why do you think it would be useful to the virus to have this cycle.

Correct AnswerverifiedAnswers may vary. In the lysogenic cycle...View AnswerShow Answer

When conditions are unfavorable, some bacteria form

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which enzyme enables a retrovirus to convert its' RNA genome into DNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cycle of viral infection in which the viral DNA is integrated into the host's DNA is called the _______ cycle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following characteristics about saprotrophs is NOT true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cycle of viral infection of a bacterial cell that will cause its death most rapidly is called the _______ cycle.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Identify the correct sequence of events that occur during the reproduction of HIV.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

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Influenza strains that sweep around the world often carry names such as Shanghai H₁N₁ or Mexico City H₂N₂. The viruses vary in H and N surface proteins because

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Name the labeled structures of the virus pictured in this figure. A: _______ B: _ C: _ D: _ E: _______ (protein shell)

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A: fiber protein
B: ...
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The growth in the flasks of the first ex...
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D

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Answers may vary. In the lysogenic cycle...
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B

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B